GNSS接收机在探月三期中的应用研究  

Use of GNSS Receivers in Phase-Ⅲ of China's Lunar Exploration Program

作　　者：闻长远[1] 蒋勇[1] 李东俊 仇跃华[1] 王盾[1] 

机构地区：[1]航天恒星科技有限公司,北京100086

出　　处：《飞行器测控学报》2015年第2期153-160,共8页Journal of Spacecraft TT&C Technology

摘　　要：探月工程对飞行器导航系统的性能提出了更高要求,因而有必要研究GNSS(Global Navigation Satellite System,全球导航卫星系统)接收机在探月任务中的应用。以探月工程三期为应用需求,开展地-月-地转移过程中的GNSS接收机可用性分析、GNSS信号特性分析;并针对低信噪比环境下的高灵敏度接收机系统应用进行设计,采用弱信号捕获算法和弱信号跟踪算法实现-175dBW的灵敏度;最终采用基于轨道动力学模型的卡尔曼滤波方法实现了GNSS自主定轨算法。仿真表明:GNSS接收机在60 000km以下的地-月转移和月-地转移弧段能够为探月飞行器提供100m以内位置精度的导航服务。The use of GNSS （Global Navigation Satellite System）receivers in lunar exploration missions is studied to meet higher requirements of China’s lunar exploration program on the performance of the spacecraft navigation system.Based on the application requirements of Phase-Ⅲ of China’s lunar exploration program,availability analy-sis of GNSS receivers and analysis of GNSS signal characteristics are done for GNSS receivers for the Earth-Moon-Earth transfer orbit.High sensitivity receiver systems are designed for low signal-to-noise operation environment and weak signal acquisition algorithms and weak signal tracking algorithms are used to achieve a sensitivity of -1 75 dBW.Finally,GNSS autonomous orbit determination algorithm is developed with Kalman filters based on orbit dy-namics models.Simulation results indicate that under the height of 60 000 km during the Earth-Moon and Moon-Earth transfer orbit phases,a GNSS receiver provides spacecraft with navigation service with a positioning accuracy of less than 100 m.

关 键 词：探月三期 全球导航卫星系统(GNSS) 高灵敏度接收机 自主定轨算法 卡尔曼滤波 

分 类 号：V433[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程] TN911.7[电子电信—通信与信息系统]