西方学术规范的演化及其与同行评议关系  

The Evolution of Western Academic Norms and the Relationship between the Western Academic Norms and Peer Review

作　　者：林培锦[1] 

机构地区：[1]闽南师范大学教育科学研究所,福建漳州363000

出　　处：《福建师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2015年第3期148-152,171,共5页Journal of Fujian Normal University:Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学青年基金项目(2013):"基于同行专家评议的高校科研经费绩效拨款模式研究(13YJCZH098);福建省高校杰出青年科研人才计划(2014):"基于同行评议机制的高校教师科研能力考核与发展研究"(JAS14182)

摘　　要：作为代表学术活动"宪章"的学术规范,经历了一个从毕达哥拉斯规范、《希波克拉底誓言》、费尔巴哈"十条守则"、贝尔纳学术人道主义观到默顿四大规范和大科学时代的学术规范等发展演化阶段。与此同时,作为学术评价系统中最为普遍和盛行的同行评议机制,与学术规范之间存在着不可分割的关系。学术规范是学术获得同行评议的资格条件,也是同行评议的准则,约束和控制着同行评议活动。而同行评议是学术规范的内在本质要求,并且促进学术规范的完善和发展。通过考察两者之间的内在联系,不仅可以更好地把握学术规范建设的重心,也突出了同行评议机制的地位与作用。As the charter of academic activities,academic norm's development experiences the evolution processes from Pythagoras' norms,'Hippocrates oaths',Feuerbach's'ten rules',Brenal's academic view of humanitarianism to Merton's 'four standards',and the academic norms of the big times. In the meantime,there exists an indivisible relationship between academic norms and peer review which as one of the most prevailing system or method in academic evaluation systems. Academic norm is the qualifications and conditions by which academy can be peer-reviewed,and academic norm constraints and controls the activities of peer review through proving review criterions. Peer review is the intrinsic requirement of the academic norm,and peer review promotes the improvement and development of academic norm. Through exploring the relationship between academic norm and peer review,not only can better grasp the focus of the construction of academic norm,but also highlight the status and role of the peer review system.

关 键 词：西方 学术规范 同行评议 演化 关系 

分 类 号：G301[文化科学]