不同营养元素混合喷施对甜荞生理指标、产量的影响  

Effect of Spraying Different Nutrient Elements on Physiological Index and Yield of Buckwheat

作　　者：陈文晋[1] 盛晋华[1] 张雄杰[2] 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学农学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010019 [2]内蒙古天际绿洲特色生物资源研发中心,内蒙古呼和浩特010018

出　　处：《河南农业科学》2015年第4期21-26,共6页Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2014BAD07B04);现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金项目(CARS-08-B-5);内蒙古自治区自然科学基金项目(2011MS0305);内蒙古自治区应用技术研究与开发资金项目(2012);内蒙古教育厅项目(NJYT-13-A05)

摘　　要：以丰甜1号甜荞为材料,叶片喷施不同组合(大量元素(A)+微量元素(B)+植物生长调节剂(C))的营养元素,研究其对荞麦叶片酶活性、叶绿素含量、产量、品质的影响。结果表明,第1次喷施后的35 d,叶绿素含量最高的是A3B1C3处理,第1次喷施后7 d、35 d的叶绿素含量相差最大的是A1B3C3处理,35 d较7 d的叶绿素含量(SPAD值)高6.46;不同大量元素组合中,叶绿素含量表现为A3>A2>A1,SOD、POD、CAT活性最大的均是A3组合;不同微量元素处理中,叶绿素含量表现为B1>B3>B2,SOD、POD、CAT活性最大的均是B2组合;不同植物生长调节剂处理中,叶绿素含量表现为C1>C3>C2,SOD、POD活性最大的分别是C2、C3组合,CAT活性差异不明显。对甜荞产量和蛋白质含量影响最大的因素是微量元素,其次是大量元素,植物生长调节剂的影响最小。处理6(A3B2C1)的淀粉含量最高,处理7(A1B3C3)的蛋白质含量和产量最高。综合产量和品质的测定结果认为,处理7(A1B3C3):3.003 g/L Ca SO4+4.004 g/L Mg SO4+5.005 g/L KH2PO4+3.003 g/L Na2B4O7·10H2O+1.001 g/L Mn Cl2+2.002 g/L(NH4)2Mo O4+6 g/L ABA+15 g/L GA3+15 g/L 2,4-D在9个处理中最优。To study the effects of foliar fertilization on the chlorophyll content,enzymatic activity,yield and quality of common buckwheat,the mixture of different macro elements（A）,trace elements（B） and plant growth regulators （ C） were sprayed on the buckwheat variety Fengtian 1. The leaf chlorophyll content and enzyme activity, yield and quality were measured. The results showed that the highest chlorophyll content came from the A3B1C3 treatment after 35 days of the first spraying,while the biggest difference of chlorophyll contents between 7 days and 35 days of the first spraying was A1B3C3 treatment,the SPAD being 6. 46 higher in 35 days than in 7 days. Among the combinations of macro＆amp;nbsp;elements,the chlorophyll content of buckwheat was A3 〉 A2 〉 A1,and A3 also had the maximum value on SOD, POD, CAT activities. Among the combinations of micro elements, the chlorophyll content of buckwheat was B1 〉 B3 〉 B2, and B2 had the maximum value on SOD,POD,CAT activities. Among the treatments of different plant growth regulators,the chlorophyll content of buckwheat was C1 〉 C3 〉 C2, and treatments C2 and C3 had the maximum value on SOD and POD,but little effect on CAT. The trace elements had the biggest effects on yield and protein content of buckwheat,followed by macro elements, and then by plant growth regulators. The highest content of total starch was treatment 6 （A3B2C1）,while the highest protein content and yield was treatment 7 （ A1B3C3）. Based on the results of yield and quality,the best treating combination was 3. 003 g / L calcium sulfate,4. 004 g / L magnesium sulfate and 5. 005 g / L monopotassium phosphate for macro elements,and 3. 003 g / L borax,1. 001 g / L manganese chloride and 2. 002 g/ L ammonium molybdate for trace elements,and 6 g/ L ABA,15 g/ L GA3 and 15 g/ L 2,4 - D for plant growth regulators.

关 键 词：甜荞 营养元素混合 叶面喷施 酶活性 叶绿素含量 产量 品质 

分 类 号：S517[农业科学—作物学]