中年妇女健康自测调查与分析  

Investigation and Analysis of Self-rated Health of Middle-aged Women

作　　者：陈金鳌[1,2] 林宁波[3] 张林[1] 陆阿明[1] 杨代国 

机构地区：[1]苏州大学体育学院,江苏苏州215021 [2]常州大学体育学院,江苏常州213164 [3]周口师范学院体育学院,河南周口466001 [4]苏州天奥健康管理中心,江苏苏州215011

出　　处：《南京体育学院学报（社会科学版）》2015年第2期109-115,共7页Journal of Nanjing Institute of Physical Education

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(编号:11BTY045);教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目(编号:13YJA890035)

摘　　要：目的:通过问卷调查,从生理、心理、社群三方面对中年妇女健康自测进行调查与分析,旨在为进一步改善和提高中年妇女的生活质量提供参考。方法:采用《自测健康评定量表》(SRHMS V1.0)和自编身体活动调查问卷对309名中年妇女进行调查,并对所有数据进行方差分析、因子分析、相关性分析、多元线性回归分析等统计学处理,结果发现:中年妇女整体健康水平均显著低于青年女性,且存在文化程度和职业上的差异;日常生活功能、身体活动功能是中年妇女健康自测的主要内容;属于标准体育人口的中年妇女身心健康状况最好,且以体育活动为主导的休闲生活方式更有益于中年妇女的健康;对中年妇女健康自测预测权重最大、解释能力最强的变量是锻炼动机(正向)和锻炼强度(负向)。Objective：Using questionnaires, this study investigated and analyzed the self-rated health of middle-aged women in terms of physiology, psychology and sociology, to provide data for improving middle-aged women＇s quality of life. Methods： Using the tools of SRHMS and a self-made questionnaire about participation in physical activities, a survey was conducted on 309 middle-aged women. All the data were statistically analyzed by using ANOVA, factor analysis, correlation analysis and multiple linear regression analysis. The results were as follows. The scoring of phys- ical and mental health among middle-aged women was dramatically lower than that among young women, and differ- ences were also found in education and occupation. Daily life and physical activity function were the main content of the health self-rating. Those of the standard sports population scored highest both physically and mentally. Exercise- dominant leisure lifestyle was more beneficial to physical and mental health of middle-aged women. Motivation（ posi- tive relation）and intensity（ negative relation）for participating in sports exercise were the variables which had most weighing and best explanation for predicting scoring of self-measured health among middle-aged women.

关 键 词：中年妇女 健康自测 身体活动 体育锻炼 

分 类 号：G804.49[文化科学—运动人体科学]