全球页岩气勘探开发现状及我国页岩气产业发展对策  

Global Shale Gas Exploration and Development Today and China′s Shale Gas Development Strategy

作　　者：李宏勋[1] 张杨威 

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(华东)经济管理学院,山东青岛266580

出　　处：《中外能源》2015年第5期22-29,共8页Sino-Global Energy

基　　金：国家社会科学基金资助项目(编号:12BJY075);中国石油大学(华东)自主创新科研计划科技专项(中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目)(编号:13CX05044B)成果

摘　　要：页岩气是一种清洁、高效的非常规能源,页岩气的开发对优化我国的能源结构具有重要意义。基于国内能源安全的需求、高天然气价格的刺激以及在美国"页岩气革命"的示范作用带动下,世界范围内的页岩气勘探、开发活动非常活跃,其中阿根廷、英国、沙特、澳大利亚等国的页岩气勘探成果尤为显著。我国在《能源发展战略行动计划(2014-2020年)》中提出要坚持"绿色低碳"战略,把发展清洁低碳能源作为调整能源结构的主攻方向。在从能源战略、政策支持、技术创新、法律法规等方面分析了美国"页岩气革命"的成功经验基础之上,基于国家能源发展战略的视角,运用SWOT量化分析方法,探讨了我国页岩气产业化的发展现状和机遇,并指出我国具有页岩气储量丰富、勘探开发潜力大等优势,同时面临体制机制不配套、勘探开发技术不完善、环境风险巨大等挑战。最后提出了健康、快速发展我国页岩气产业的相关对策和建议:国家加大科研投资;给予财政和税收支持;进行严格的环境监管;多条途径推动页岩气配套基础设施建设;走适合中国页岩气产业发展的低碳之路。Shale gas is a clean,efficient unconventional energy source.Shale gas development plays a significant role in the optimization of China＇s energy mix.Based on domestic requirements on energy security,stimulated by high gas prices and driven by the United States＇ shale gas revolution,shale gas exploration and develop- ment have boomed worldwide.Particularly,countries such as Argentina,the United Kingdom,Saudi Arabia and Australia have made significant progress in shale gas exploration.China vowed to stick to its green low-car- bon strategy in its Strategic Energy Development Action Plan （2014-2015） and focused the adjustment to its energy mix on developing clean,low-carbon fuels.Starting with an analysis of the successful experience of the United States＇ shale gas revolution from the perspectives of energy strategy, policy incentives ,technical innova- tion and laws and regulations ,this article describes China＇s shale gas industry today and the opportunities the industry is facing,from the perspective of national energy development strategy and based on SWOT quantita- tive analysis.According to this article,China has rich shale gas resources,with great potential for further ex- ploration and development.China is also facing some challenges in developing shale gas,including mismatched systems,lack of proven exploration and development technology and enormous environmental risks.The article also proposes countermeasures and suggestions on how to develop the shale gas industry in a healthy and efficient manner,including increasing investment in research,offering fiscal and tax incentives,strengthening environmental monitoring and surveillance and promoting construction of shale gas infrastructure using multiple approaches to take a low-carbon pathway.

关 键 词：国家能源战略 页岩气 勘探开发 产业化 对策 

分 类 号：F416.22[经济管理—产业经济]