南疆棉花秸秆KOH及KOH/NaOH活化法制备活性炭和表征  

Preparation and Characterization of Activated Carbon from Cotton Straw of South Xinjiang by KOH and KOH/NaOH Activation Method

作　　者：陈香[1] 古丽戈娜[2] 努热曼古丽[2] 马承愚[1,2] 杨重阳[1] 刘鑫[1] 

机构地区：[1]东华大学环境科学与工程学院国家环境保护纺织工业污染防治工程技术中心,上海201620 [2]喀什师范学院化学与环境科学系,新疆喀什844006

出　　处：《河南科技》2015年第3期91-95,共5页Henan Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51079028)

摘　　要：利用两步合成法,以新疆南疆棉花秸秆为原料,单一KOH、复合KOH/Na OH为活化剂制备活性炭。通过正交试验确立最佳制备工艺条件,研究碱炭比、碳化温度、活化温度、活化时间等因素对吸附性能的影响,结果表明活性炭最大碘吸附值达到1 836mg/g。采用低温氮气吸附、BET、Langmuir理论对其孔结构进行了表征,BET比面积分别达到1 686m2/g,2 417m2/g;孔隙主要分布在微孔,平均孔径为1.752nm,1.855nm。同时采用SEM和FT-IR对KOH、KOH/Na OH活化样品的表面形貌和官能团进行对比分析,表明它们结构相似,但KOH/Na OH活性炭出现更多的微孔和一定量的大孔。Activated carbon was prepared by a two-step synthesis method, with the cotton straw of South Xinjiang as the source material and single KOH or complex KOH/NaOH as the activation agent. The optimum preparation condi- tions were established by orthogonal experiment, and the effects on adsorption performance of the factors, including the ratio of alkali/char, carbonization temperature, activation temperature and activation time were studied. The resuits indicated that iodine adsorption value had reached 1836 mg/g. Porosity characteristics were determined by the cryosorption of N2 adsorption, BET and Langmuir theories. The specific surface areas have reached 1687 and 2417 m2/g, respectively, the pore distribution mainly concentrated on micropores with the average pore diameters of 1.752 and 1.855 nm. The morphology and structure of KOH, KOH/NaOH activated samples were comparatively studied by SEM and FT-IR, the compositions were revealed to be similar, but KOH/NaOH activation carbon had more micropores and certain amounts of macropores.

关 键 词：活性炭 棉花秸秆 KOH/NaOH活化 高比表面积 南疆 

分 类 号：TQ424.1[化学工程]