不同播期对黔麦18产量形成的影响  

Effect of Sowing Dates on Yield Formation of Qianmai 18

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作  者:陈天青 王伟 隋建枢 邵明波 杨康林 何庆才 

机构地区:[1]贵州省旱粮研究所 [2]贵州省植保研究所,贵州贵阳550006

出  处:《农技服务》2015年第4期76-79,共4页AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGY SERVICE

基  金:贵州省科技成果重点推广计划项目"小麦新品种黔麦18大面积推广应用"[黔科合成字(2012)5025];贵州省农科院专项"小麦新品种黔麦18号示范及配套技术研究"[黔农科院院专项(2011)002];贵州省农科院重点项目"蓝粒小麦丰产群体与抗病群体的组建研究"[黔农科合(重点)08003];贵州省科技攻关项目"小麦抗旱材料的收集;鉴定与创新"[黔科合成字(2010)3085]

摘  要:为黔麦18高产栽培提供理论依据,2013-2014年对黔麦18在不同播期下影响产量形成的要素进行了研究。结果表明,播期较早,分化前期经历的时间较长,穗粒数较高。晚播导致了分蘖达最高峰值时间推迟,且经历时间更久,但群体却更大,分蘖成穗率则在下降。从不同播期黔麦18粒重形成来看,粒重是由灌浆速率和灌浆时间共同决定的,适当早播(10月15日、10月25日播种)形成的粒重较高。产量分析表明,10月25日播种产量最高,且与11月14日播期差异达到显著水平。因此,在贵州黔中地区生态条件下,黔麦18适宜播期为10月中旬至11月上旬,11月中旬及以后播种,会对黔麦18幼穗分化及灌浆产生不利影响,造成黔麦18的显著减产。To provide theoretical basis for high-yield cultivation of Qianmai 18, an experiment with 4 sowing date treatments was carried out from 2013 to 2014 in Guiyang. The process of spike differentiation, population development and grain filling were studied. The results showed that earlier sowing led to a longer earlier stage of spike differentiation and larger grains per spike. Later sowing resulted in delaying of peak of tillering, longer of tillering stage, lager population of tillers and effective spikes but lower productive tiller percentage. The grain weight was determined by both grain filling rate and grain filling time, and earlier sowing could obtain a higher grain weight. Analysis of yield of different sowing date revealed that the sowing on October 25th could reach the highest yield. It showed a significant level of difference with sowing on November 14th. Therefore, in central region of Guizhou, the suitable sowing dates for Qianmai 18 were from middle of October to first ten-day of November, sowing in the middle of the November or later will give rise to negative influence on spike differentiation, grain filling and lead to significant yield loss ultimately.

关 键 词:小麦 播期 幼穗分化 群体动态 灌浆特性 

分 类 号:S567.219[农业科学—中草药栽培]

 

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