新疆哈密高温气候特征及其环流形势分型  

The High Temperature Climatic Characteristics and Its Circulation Situation Analysis in Hami

作　　者：苗运玲 卓世新 李如琦 宋良娈 冯桂红 

机构地区：[1]哈密地区气象局,新疆哈密839000 [2]新疆气象台,新疆乌鲁木齐830002 [3]鄯善县气象局,新疆鄯善838000

出　　处：《沙漠与绿洲气象》2015年第2期38-43,共6页Desert and Oasis Meteorology

基　　金：中国气象局预报员专项(CMAYBY2013-079);新疆气象局重点科研项目(ZD201401)共同资助

摘　　要：利用1961—2014年哈密国家基准气象观测站5—9月逐日最高气温、极端最高气温和NCEP1°×1°再分析资料,统计分析哈密市高温天气的气候特征及环流背景。结果表明:(1)哈密市高温天气具有明显的时间变化特点,1961—1993年是偏少期,1994年以后明显偏多,而近14 a是呈直线上升的趋势,这与全球气候变暖趋势一致。(2)哈密市近54 a年平均高温日数是35 d,主要集中在6—8月,7月最多。(3)高温日数具有明显的年际变化,最多为2002年出现60 d,最少为1993年仅出现了11 d。(4)新疆脊、伊朗副热带高压与西太平洋副热带高压的强弱和位置与高温天气有很好的对应关系;哈密出现持续性高温天气过程在500 h Pa高度场主要表现为三类环流类型:西太平洋副高西伸发展型、伊朗副高东伸发展型、西太平洋副高西伸发展与伊朗副高东伸发展共同作用型。In this paper, we used daily maximum temperature, extreme maximum temperature from national meteorological station in Hami and and NCEP 1°×1°reanalysis data from 1961 to 2014 （May to September） with high temperature weather climate features and its circulation for statistical analysis . The results showed that： （1）hot weather had obvious temporal variation characteristics in Hami, less than normal the period from 1961 to 1993, more obvious after 1994, but there was straight upward trend in recent 14 years, which is consistent with the global warming trend; （2）the average annual number of days for temperature was 35 d in Hami and mainly concentrated from June to August, while the most was in July; （3）high temperature days have obvious interannual variability, the most was appear 60 d in the year 2002, the least 11 d appeared in 1993; （4） Xinjiang ridge,Iran and the strength of west Pacific subtropical high and location with the hot weather had a good corresponding relationship, and the persistent hot weather processes in Hami mainly resulted from the three types of circulation in 500 hPa height field： developmental westward extension of the Western Pacific subtropical high, the developmental Iranian subtropical high, the combination of the two above.

关 键 词：哈密 高温 气候特征 500 hPa环流 

分 类 号：P463[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]