典型农药厂污染场地土壤中PAHs分布特征及来源分析  

Distribution and Sources of PAHs in Soil at the Site of a Former Typical Pesticide Plant

作　　者：张孝飞[1,2] 林玉锁[2] 邓绍坡[2] 龙涛[2] 徐建[2] 黄耀[1,3] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学资源与环境科学学院,江苏南京210095 [2]环境保护部南京环境科学研究所,江苏南京210042 [3]中国科学院植物研究所,北京100093

出　　处：《生态与农村环境学报》2015年第3期390-397,共8页Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment

基　　金：环保公益性行业科研专项(201009015;200809100)

摘　　要：以某典型农药厂退役场地为例,对场地土壤中具有较强人体危害性的化合物PAHs 含量、分布特征及来源进行分析.结果表明该场地土壤中PAHs 最大检出深度达到6.0 m.在检出PAHs 的土壤样品中强致癌物苯并（a）芘（Bap）平均含量为1.63 mg·kg-1,最高含量为8？？ 83 mg·kg-1.检出PAHs 的土壤样品中,60%为重度污染.随着深度的增加,高环芳烃含量及检出率均逐渐降低.0～1.2 m 深度内环数≤3、4 环及环数≥5 的PAHs 比例相当,主要单体为菲（Phe）、荧蒽（Fla）和芘（Pyr）,1.2～6.0 m 深度内环数≤3 的PAHs 所占比例最高,主要单体为萘（Nap）和2-甲基萘（2-Mnap）.特征化合物分子比例法分析表明,场地土壤中PAHs 来源有2 个方面：-是企业生产中使用石油产品过程中的泄漏、废弃物的燃烧等;二是场地上含有草、木、煤等垃圾杂物的燃烧.与场地原生产企业生产车间分布的对比分析结果表明,PAHs 检出点位绝大部分位于原企业生产车间,表明土壤中PAHs 的存在与原企业的生产活动有着较强的关联性.A field investigation was carried out of the site of a deserted pesticide plant to explore content, distribution andpossible sources of PAHs, a kind of chemicals extremely hazardous to human health, in the soil. Results show that PAHswere detected in the soil 0-6.0 m in depth. In the soil samples with PAHs detected, benzoapyrene （Bap）, a kind ofstrong carcinogen, averaged 1.63 mg·kg-1 in concentration, with the highest reaching 8.83 mg·kg-1 and 60% fell intothe category of “heavily polluted”. With increasing soil depth, concentration and detection rate of polycyclic PAHs gradu-ally decreased. In the 0-1.2 m soil layer, the percentages of ≤3-ring PAHs, 4-ring PAHs and≥5-ring PAHs in totalPAHs were almost equal, and phenathrene （Phe）, fluoranthene （Fla） and pyrene （Pyr） were the dominant chemicals.In the 1. 2-6.0 m soil layer, PAHs with 3 or fewer rings became dominant, and was mainly consisted of naphthalene（Nap） and 2-methylnaphthalene （2-Mnap）. Characteristic compounds molecule ratio analysis reveals that PAHs in thesoil of the site came mainly from 2 sources： one is leakage of petroleum products from the plant in the process of their be-ing used in production of pesticides and burning of wastes, and the other is burning of grass, wood, coal and other gar-bage. Checking with the layout of the former pesticide plant, it was found that the sites of soil samples containing PAHs co-incide with those of the workshops of the former pesticide plant, indicating a strong relationship between the presence ofPAHs in the soil and the production activities of the former plant.

关 键 词：农药厂 PAHS 分布特征 来源 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]