36287名患者红细胞不规则抗体特异性及其分布  

Characteristics and specificity of irregular antibodies in the blood types in 36287 patients

作　　者：李翠莹[1] 黄菲[1] 肖洁[1] 徐弘[1] 甘新宇[1] 于丽君[1] 何花[1] 

机构地区：[1]成都军区总医院输血科,四川成都610083

出　　处：《中国输血杂志》2015年第4期412-414,共3页Chinese Journal of Blood Transfusion

摘　　要：目的对本院住院患者红细胞不规则抗体特异性进行分析,为临床疑难输血提供依据。方法收集整理2006年6月-2013年5月本院住院患者不规则抗体筛查及相关抗体鉴定资料,分析不规则抗体阳性检出率及人群特征。结果本组患者血液标本共计362 87例,抗体筛选阳性571例,阳性率1.574%(571/36 287)。鉴定出特异性抗体312例,阳性率0.860%(312/36 287);自身抗体259例,阳性率0.714%(259/36 287);直接抗球蛋白阳性284例,阳性率0.78%。同种特异性抗体,230例Rh系统抗体所占构成比最高,为73.72%(230/312),阳性率为0.634%;其中抗-E阳性共191例,占61.22%(191/312),阳性率为0.526%;Lewis系统36例,占11.54%(36/312),阳性率为0.099%;MNSs系统34例,占10.89%(34/312),阳性率为0.094%。女性不规则抗体阳性率显著高于男性(P<0.001),有妊娠输血史者的检出率显著高于无妊娠、输血史者(P<0.05),血液病患者产生不规则抗体居首位。结论住院患者输血前进行不规则抗体筛查,可避免免疫性溶血性输血反应的发生,尤其是对女性,及有妊娠史、输血史患者具有重要意义。Objective To analyze the specificity of irregular antibody of red blood cell in patients,and to provide valuable information for complicated transfusion cases. Methods Blood samples from June 2006 to May 2013 were tested by irregular antibody screening and identification. The composition ratio,the characteristics of the population,and the positive rates in the detection for irregular antibody were determined. Results 36,287 blood samples underwent testing. Positive irregular antibody were found in 571 samples,at a rate of 1. 574%(571 /36287); specific alloantibodies were found in 312 samples,at a rate of 0. 860%( 312 /36287); autoantibodies were found in 259 samples,at a rate of 0. 714%( 259 /36287). The antibodies in Rh system for specific alloantibodies occupied the highest ratio,accounting for 73. 72%( 230 /312) at a rate of 0. 634%; anti-E were found in 191 cases,accounting for 61. 22%(191 /312),at a rate of 0. 634%; antibodies in the Lewis system were found in 36 cases,accounting for 11. 54%(36 /312),at a rate of 0. 099%; antibodies in the MNSs system were found in 34 cases,accounting for 10. 89%( 34 /312),at a rate of 0. 094%. Direct Coombs test showed positive result in 284 samples,at a rate of 0. 78%. The detection rate of positive irregular antibody in female was shown to be higher than male patients( P<0. 001),and was also found to be higher in people with pregnancy or transfusion history( P<0. 05). The number of patients with hematological diseases ranks first. Conclusion Irregular antibody screening and identification are very important to reduce immune hemolytic reaction,especially in females and people with transfusion history or pregnancy.

关 键 词：血型 红细胞不规则抗体 抗体鉴定 

分 类 号：R457.11[医药卫生—治疗学] R446.11[医药卫生—临床医学]