生态、品种和栽培措施及其互作对烤烟主要化学成分含量的影响  

Impact of Ecological Conditions,Varieties,Cultivation Measures and Their Interactions on the Main Chemical Components of Flue-cured Tobacco

作　　者：许晓敬 张小全[1] 侯冰清 韩助君 何冰[1] 杨铁钊[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学烟草学院,郑州450002

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2015年第13期62-66,共5页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：河南省烟草公司科技项目"豫烟系列新品种配套技术集成与推广应用"(HYKJZD201401)

摘　　要：为探讨生态、品种、栽培措施及其互作对烤烟主要化学成分(还原糖、总氮和烟碱)含量的影响,在河南、山东、陕西3个烟区,以‘豫烟10号’、‘粤烟98’、‘K326’、‘湘烟3号’为研究材料,设置不同的栽培措施,采用方差分析的方法比较烟叶化学成分含量的差异。结果表明:烟叶主要化学成分含量的变异系数在生态间最大,在品种、栽培措施间较小。生态、品种、栽培措施及其互作对还原糖、总氮、烟碱含量均有显著的影响,生态条件对烟叶还原糖、总氮、烟碱含量的贡献率分别为53.92%、24.33%和77.41%,其次是互作效应和品种,栽培处理的贡献率最小。烟叶还原糖和烟碱含量与成熟期和旺长期的降雨量、日照时数关联度较大;烟叶总氮含量与旺长期、成熟期和团棵期的总日照时数关联度最大。生态条件对烟叶化学成分的影响大于品种和栽培措施,是影响烟叶化学成分的主要因素。整个大田期以降雨量和日照时数与烟叶化学成分相关性较大。In order to indicate the effects of ecological conditions,varieties,cultivation measures and theirinteractions on reducing-sugar,nicotine and total nitrogen contents of flue-cured tobacco leaf,the differencesof chemical components from different grade were investigated in Henan,Shandong and Shaanxi.Theexperiments showed the following results： the CV of the main chemical composition of flue-tobacco was thelargest between ecological conditions,and least between varieties,cultivation measures.The effects ofecological conditions,varieties,cultivation measures and their interactions on reducing-sugar,nicotine andtotal nitrogen were significant.But their contribution rates were different.Ecological contribution rate was53.92%,24.33% and 77.41%,respectively,while the contribution rate of varieties,cultivation measures andtheir interactions were small.Rainfall and sunshine hours in tobacco vigorous growth stage and tobacco maturestage were major climate factors closely related to the contents of reducing-sugar,nicotine of tobacco leavesduring their growth period.And,sunshine hours in tobacco rooting stage,vigorous growth stage and maturestage were the climate factors related to the contents of total nitrogen.Above all,effects of ecological conditionson the chemical composition of tobacco leaves are greater than that of the varieties and cultivation measures.Ecological conditions are the main factors that affect the chemical components contents of tobacco leaves.Rainfall and sunshine hours are the main factors closely related to the contents of tobacco chemicalcomponents during the whole tobacco growth periods.

关 键 词：烤烟 生态 品种 栽培措施 互作 还原糖 总氮 烟碱 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业]