长江中下游中籼杂交稻区试品种产量成因性状分析  

Analysis of Agronomic Characters of Mid-season Indica Hybrid Rice in the Middle and Lower Reaches of the Yangtze River

作　　者：刘书通[1,2] 李春生[1,2] 方福平[1] 张小惠[1,2] 毛一剑[1,2] 孔宪琴[1,2] 张克勤[1,2] 吴荣梁 

机构地区：[1]中国水稻研究所,杭州310006 [2]浙江国稻高科技种业有限公司,杭州310006

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2015年第15期7-11,共5页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：浙江省成果转化项目"高产优质杂交稻新品种技术示范与推广"

摘　　要：基于2008—2012年南方稻区国家水稻品种区试数据,运用相关分析、通径分析和主成分分析方法,分析了长江中下游地区中籼杂交水稻5年220个参试品种的农艺性状与产量形成的关系,结果表明,有效穗数、每穗总粒数与结实率对产量显著正相关,其中对产量贡献最大的是结实率,千粒重与产量极显著负相关。在长江中下游杂交稻育种过程中,应以每穗总粒数和结实率为中心兼顾有效穗数和千粒重,协调优化产量构成因素的关系,建立良好的群体结构,发挥中籼品种产量的潜力。综合各种分析及结合长江中下游杂交中籼的9 t/hm2以上的的高产组合,得出其产量结构是：有效穗数达到255万/hm2左右,株高在122 cm以下,每穗总粒数达到180~200粒,结实率80%以上,千粒重27 g左右。Based on national rice test of the South area in 2008-2012, the relations between yield and agronomic characters of mid-season indica hybrid rice were analyzed through correlation analysis, path analysis, and principal component analysis. The results showed that the effective panicles, total grain number per panicle and seed setting rate were positive correlated to grain yield, reaching 5% significant level, while the largest contribution to the yield was the seed setting rate. And the 1000 grain weight was significantly negative correlated to yield. In the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, breeding should be based on the total grain number per spike and seed setting rate, meanwhile effective panicle number and 1000 grain weight also should be coordinated. It was important to coordinate the relationship of production factors and establish good crop structure to explore indica rice yield potential. From the analysis and considering of varieties in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze river whose yield was 9 t/hm2 above, the best structure was summarized： the effective panicle number was 2.55 × 106/hm2, plant height was below 122 era; total grain number per panicle was between 180-200, seed setting rate was above 80%, and 1000 grain weight was about 27 g.

关 键 词：长江中下游 中籼稻 产量 相关分析和通径分析 主成分分析 

分 类 号：S511.32[农业科学—作物学] S3