甘蓝型黄籽油菜遗传分类及遗传多样性研究  

Genetic Classification and Diversity of Yellow-seeded Rapeseed(Brassica napus L.) Accessions

作　　者：赵燕妮[1] 李晓荣[1] 张菁雯[1] 于澄宇[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学农学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2015年第15期156-164,共9页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：教育部新世纪优秀人才(NECT-10-0693);中央高校基本科研业务费"油菜隐性光温敏核不育基因分子标记"(QN2013084)

摘　　要：黄籽油菜的遗传研究是实现油菜籽粒高含油量且饼粕低纤维素、低单宁、低色素等育种目标的重要途径。为了对不同来源的黄籽油菜进行遗传分类和多样性研究,对黄籽材料进行遗传等位性测验及聚类分析。结果表明,经过遗传测验,按照相互杂交F1、F2粒色是否分离将11份黄籽材料分为5组,‘油研10’、CZV55、E718、Arm为一组,为一般显性遗传;Q33、D615为一组,为不完全显性遗传;2006C、X2006、740C为一组;Polo为一组;HY15为一组,后3组为一般隐性遗传。但是,2006C、‘油研10’等的黄籽性状的遗传根据杂交测验亲本的不同而呈现显性或隐性的变化。依据SSR标记检测结果进行聚类分析,将35份黄籽材料分为甘蓝型油菜、白菜型、芥菜型三大组。甘蓝型油菜又可再分为8个亚组,各自代表材料有2006C和740C、油研系统、Q33;法国Ramiro、陕西的GQ4、源自加拿大的Arm、prof;源自波兰的Polo等。不同材料按照系谱关系、育种单位、地理来源聚集在一起。研究结果为黄籽油菜杂种优势利用奠定理论基础。Owing to thinner hull, less fiber, higher oil and protein content than its black-seeded counterpart with a dark, thicker, and more lignified seed coat, yellow seeded variety is an important goal for breeding of oilseed Brassiea napus. In order to investigate genetic classification and diversity, we tested the allelisms among different yellow-seeded accessions and studied the genetic diversity through clustering. Results showed that according to the result of allelism test, by investigation of the segregation of seed coat colour in F1 and F2 of cross between different accessions, 11 yellow-seeded rapeseed accessions could be divided into five groups： group Ⅰ including ＇Youyan10＇, CZV55, E718, and Ann, mostly followed a dominant inheritance model; group Ⅱ including Q33 and D615, in incomplete dominant inheritance; group Ⅲ including 2006C, X2006, and 740C; the rest two groups only including Polo and HY15, respectively. The last three groups were generally in recessive genetic model. However, the inheritance of yellow-seeded traits of ＇Youyanl0＇ and 2006C was various from dominant to recessive when they crossed with the different genotypes of brown- seeded. Cluster based on SSR molecular polymorphism showed that 35 yellow-seeded rapeseed accessions could be classified into three main groups： B.napus, B.rapa, and B.juncea. The group B.napus could be further divided into eight subgroups, the representations of them were 2006C and 740C, Youyan system, Q33, Ramiro from French, GQ4 from Shaanxi, Ann and prof from Canada, and yellow Polo from Polish cultivar Polo. This generally agrees with the pedigrees, breeders and originations. The results could provide the theoretical basis for the heterosis utilization of yellow- seeded rapeseed.

关 键 词：油菜 黄籽 遗传多样性 SSR 

分 类 号：S565.4[农业科学—作物学]