光电编码器在数控设备中应用与维修  

Application and maintenance of photoelectric encoders in CNC equipments

作　　者：田林红[1] 季祥[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南工业职业技术学院,河南南阳473000

出　　处：《传感器世界》2015年第5期27-31,共5页Sensor World

摘　　要：通过光电转换,光电编码器将工作轴上机械位移量转换成脉冲或数字,用于位移、速度及加速度等物理量检测,应用在数控设备伺服驱动、速度检测、返回参考点及刀位检测等方面。根据光电编码器轴伸端轴向和径向不能受力特点,提出其安装方法。由于光电编码器集光、机、电于一体,属于精密测量器件,列举光电编码器防污、防振及防松动等措施。结合光电编码器引起数控机床报警、主轴控制、换刀等典型故障现象,分析维修过程及处理方法,为相关技术人员提供参考。According to the principle of photoelectrical transformation, photoelectric encoder converts mechanical displacements of working shaft into digital pulses for displacement, velocity and acceleration measurements. The functions and applications of photoelectric encoders in CNC equipments are control of servo motors, gauge speeds, return reference points and knife position detection mainly. Based on the characteristics of photoelectric encoders, a useful installation method is put forward. Photoelectric encoders are precision measuring equipments, which integrate optical, mechanical and electronical technologies. How to anti fouling, anti vibration and anti loosening are discussed in this paper. According to typical fault phenomena of photoelectric encoders , such as CNC machine alarm, principal axis control, kinfe change , the repairing processes and methods are analyzed so as to provide some useful references for technical personnel.

关 键 词：数控设备 光电编码器 故障 诊断 

分 类 号：TN762[电子电信—电路与系统]