黄海绿潮暴发前江苏紫菜养殖海域绿藻显微繁殖体分布特征  

The distribution features of Ulva microscopic propagules in Jiangsu Porphyra aquaculture regions before the outbreak of the green tides in Yellow Sea

作　　者：韩红宾[1,2] 华梁[1,2] 霍元子[1,2] 张建恒[1,2] 吴海龙[1,2] 韦章良 陈群芳[1,2] 何培民[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学水产与生命学院,上海201306 [2]上海海洋大学海洋科学研究院海洋生态环境与修复研究所,上海201306

出　　处：《上海海洋大学学报》2015年第3期365-374,共10页Journal of Shanghai Ocean University

基　　金：国家海洋公益性项目(201205010;201105023);科技部支撑计划项目(2012BACD7B03);海洋赤潮灾害监测重点实验室开放课题(MATHAB201301)

摘　　要：对2012年12月至2013年4月黄海绿潮暴发前江苏紫菜养殖海域绿藻显微繁殖时空分布特征进行了研究。结果表明,在每月的调查中,调查海域绿藻显微繁殖体密度高值区均集中在如东近岸紫菜养殖海域。调查海域绿藻显微繁殖体数量在时间分布上呈逐渐升高的趋势。2012年12月至2013年4月调查海域平均绿藻显微繁殖体数量分别为56、71、471、550和1 049 ind/L。应用ITS序列与5S rDNA间隔序列分析并构建系统发育树发现,江苏紫菜养殖海域绿藻显微繁殖体种类组成为浒苔(Ulva prolifera)和曲浒苔(Ulva flexuosa)。通过对调查海域绿藻显微繁殖体种类构成比例分析发现,在绿潮暴发前2-4月,黄海绿潮优势种浒苔显微繁殖体成为江苏紫菜养殖海域的优势种。大量绿藻显微繁殖体可以在春末海区温度回升时期迅速萌发,因此推测江苏紫菜养殖海域存在的大量绿藻显微繁殖体为黄海绿潮的暴发提供了种子库。The distribution features of Ulva microscopic propagules in Jiangsu Porphya aquaculture regionsfrom Dec. 2012 to Apr. 2013 were investigated. The result showed that in each month the high density zoneof the Ulva microscopic propagules in investigated areas were widely distributed in Rudong inshore Porphyraacquaculture regions. In the investigated areas, the temporal distribution features of the number of Ulvamicroscopic propagules presented the trend of rising gradually. From Dec. 2012 to Apr. 2013 the averagenumber of Ulva propagules in investigated areas was 56,71,471,550 and 1 049 ind/L. By using ITSsequence and 5S rDNA intervening sequence analysis and construction of phylogenetic tree, the molecularresults showed that compositions of microscopic propagules were Ulva prolifera and Ulvaflexuosa. By analyzingthe species composition of Ulva microscopic propagules, we found that 2 -4 months before the breakout ofgreen tide Ulva microscopic propagules of the dominant species in the Yellow Sea green tide became thedominant species in Jiangsu Porphyra aquaculture regions. A large number of Ulva microscopic propagulescould germinate rapidly with the rising of temperature at the late spring. Therefore we speculated that a largenumber of Ulva microscopic propagules that existed in Porphyra aquaculture regions in Jiangsu would provideseed bank for Yellow Sea green tides.

关 键 词：黄海 紫菜养殖区 绿潮 浒苔 显微繁殖体 

分 类 号：Q145[生物学—生态学]