公司对外担保的效力认定——以意思表示规则为核心  

The Determination of the Validity of the External Guarantee——With Declaration Rule as the Core

作　　者：朱珍华[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南大学法学院,湖南长沙410082

出　　处：《湖南大学学报（社会科学版）》2015年第3期156-160,共5页Journal of Hunan University(Social Sciences)

基　　金：湖南省重点建设学科"民商法学"项目(2011076)

摘　　要：从法律行为构成要件的角度入手,《公司法》16条第1款规定的公司对外担保问题不是当事人行为能力、标的问题。因此,判断对外担保的效力应遵循意思表示规则。公司对外担保的意思表示过程是:公司董事会或股东会做出决议,形成对外担保意思,由法定代表人向外做出意思表示。无意思形成的对外担保效力,应据动机错误的效力规则确定其效力。有意思形成的对外担保效力,属于典型当事人错误,可纳入表示内容错误。由于界定赔偿责任时,须考虑相对人的过错,相对人过错取决于其审查义务,应限制相对人只是形式审查公司章程与担保决议。From the view of legal act formation requisites, the first paragraph of Article 16 of the Com-pany Law which defines the problem of corporate external guaranty, does not refer to behavior capabilitiesor the subject. Therefore, the judgement of the effectiveness of external security should follow the rules ofthe meaning representation. The process of the company＇s external security meaning expression, is that theboard of directors or the shareholders will make a decision and form the meaning expression of externalguarantee, while the legal representative should make the meaning expression outwardly. The effective-ness of external security without the meaning formation, should be determined according to the rule of mo-tivation errors. The effectiveness of external security with the meaning formation, if belonging to the typi-cal party error, can be included into the mistake of expression. Since the definition of the liability of com-pensation must take the fault of the relative person into consideration, whose fault depends on its obliga-tions of review, the behavior of relative person should be limited, which means relative person can only re-view the regulations of the company and the resolution of guarantee.

关 键 词：公司对外担保 意思表示错误 缔约过失 审查义务 

分 类 号：D913[政治法律—民商法学]