旱地沙蜥的两性异形和雌性繁殖投入  

Sexual dimorphism and female reproduction of Phrynocephalus helioscopus( Agamidae)

作　　者：梁涛[1] 吕士鹏 武开乐 时磊[1] 

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学动物科学学院,乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2015年第6期1602-1606,共5页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31260511);教育部2014年度国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(201410758010);新疆农业大学大学生创新项目(jqztp72013183)资助

摘　　要：为研究旱地沙蜥的两性异形和繁殖投入,于2013年5月和2014年5月在新疆北屯捕捉了166号活体进行9项形态学指标测量,受孕雌性室内暂养用于收集繁殖数据。t检验结果表明:旱地沙蜥亚成体的两性异形体现在雄性头体长显著大于雌性(P<0.05);成体中,雌性的头体长显著大于雄性(P<0.05)。协方差分析(ANCOVA)表明,成体雄性的头长(P<0.01)、头高(P<0.01)、尾长(P<0.01)、后肢长(P<0.01)极显著大于雌性。旱地沙蜥的局部形态指标量度与头体长呈正相关,且雄性个体的尾长(P<0.05)、后肢长(P<0.05)和头高(P<0.05)的增长速率显著较雌性快。雌性繁殖窝卵数、窝卵重和卵重与雌性头体长相关性不显著。本研究结果拒绝繁殖力优势假说而支持性选择假说是旱地沙蜥两性异形形成的内在机制。From May 2013 to May 2014,166 individual specimens of Phrynocephalus helioscopus were collected from the outskirts of Beitun City,Xinjiang Autonomous Region,to study their sexual dimorphism and female reproduction. We measured nine morphological traits of juvenile and adult lizards. Gravid female lizards were used to examine reproduction and to measure morphological traits. The results of t-test showed that juvenile males had a significantly longer snout-vent length（ SVL）（ P〈0.05） than juvenile females; and among the adults,the females had a much longer SVL（ P〈 0. 05） than the males. Analysis of covariance（ ANCOVA） showed that adult male head length（ P〈0.01）,head height,（ P〈 0. 01）,tail length（ P〈 0. 01）,and hind-limb length（ P〈0.01） were significantly larger than those of the females. All the morphological traits measured showed a positive correlation with SVL. Furthermore,the growth rates of tail length（ P〈0.05）,hind-limb length（ P〈0.05） and head height（ P〈0.05） in males were much faster than in females. Female lizards＇ clutch size,clutch mass,and individual egg mass were not closely related to SVL. Our findings stand in opposition to the fecundity advantage hypothesis and support the sexual selection hypothesis as the underlying mechanisms of sexual dimorphism in P. helioscopus.

关 键 词：旱地沙蜥 两性异形 孕卵优势假说 性选择假说 繁殖投入 

分 类 号：Q958.1[生物学—动物学] Q492