2014年广西隆安县麻疹暴发流行特征分析  

Analysis on epidemiological features of measles outbreak in Longan county of Guangxi in 2014

作　　者：农秋锋[1] 林素琴[1] 黄兆能[1] 陆风清[1] 陆月英[1] 

机构地区：[1]广西壮族自治区隆安县疾病预防控制中心,532799

出　　处：《职业与健康》2015年第10期1422-1424,共3页Occupation and Health

摘　　要：目的分析2014年隆安县麻疹暴发流行的流行病学特征,探讨暴发原因,为落实消除麻疹提供参考。方法对患者进行流行病学调查,采用酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）方法检测血清麻疹lg M抗体,采用描述流行病学方法进行分析。结果 2014年3—8月隆安县出现麻疹暴发疫情,共报告麻疹患119例,罹患率为28.79/10万,无死亡病例;发病年龄主要集中在8月龄以下和21~39岁成人,病例主要集中在城厢和那桐镇;发病时间集中在4~6月;散居儿童和农民是麻疹高发人群。94例大于8月龄的患者中23例有麻疹疫苗免疫史,占24.47%。结论 2014年隆安县麻疹暴发流行的直接原因是易感人群积累和医院感染,最终原因是存在免疫空白或人群抗体水平降低。[Objective]To analysis the epidemiological features of measles outbreak in Longan county in 2014, explore the outbreak reasons, and provide basis for the implementation of measles elimination. [Methods]The patients were investigated by epidemiological method, the serum IgM antibody of measles was detected by ELISA method, and the results were analyzed by descriptive epidemiological method. [Results]There was measles outbreak epidemic situation from March to August of 2014 in Longan, a total of 119 cases were reported, the attack rate was 28.79/100, 000, no death cases. Under eight months and 21-39 years old were the main onset ages, cases were mainly concentrated in Chengxiang and Natong town; April to June were the main onset time; and the scattered children and farmers were the high risk population. Among 94 cases aged more than 8 months, 23 cases had history of measles vaccine immunization, accounted for 24.47%.[Conclusion]The immediate cause of measles outbreak of Longan in 2014 was the accumulation of susceptible population and hospital infection, final reason was existing blank immunizations and antibody levels dropping of residents.

关 键 词：麻疹 暴发流行 流行病学特征 

分 类 号：R135[医药卫生—劳动卫生]