基于大型底栖无脊椎动物指数的黄河水质评价研究  

Assessing Water Quality of the Yellow River with Benthic Macro-invertebrate Indices

作　　者：黄旭蕾[1,2] 李天宏[1,2] 蒋晓辉[3] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学深圳研究生院环境与能源学院,城市人居环境科学与技术重点实验室,深圳518055 [2]北京大学环境工程系,水沙科学教育部重点实验室,北京100871 [3]黄河水利科学研究院,郑州450003

出　　处：《北京大学学报（自然科学版）》2015年第3期553-561,共9页Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51379010)资助

摘　　要：应用大型底栖动物指数评价河流水质,不同指数的评价结果差异较大。为了针对特定河流找到合适的评价指数,基于黄河干流1980年代和2008年生态调查数据,应用Shannon-Wiener多样性指数、Margalef多样性指数、Simpson多样性指数、Pielou均匀度指数、BMWP指数、ASPT指数、Goodnight-Whitley修正指数(GBI)、FBI(Family Biotic Index)指数和BPI(Pollution Biotic Index)指数对黄河水质进行了评价。结果表明:与1980年代相比,2008年黄河大型底栖动物种类数大幅减少,水质理化参数恶化;这9种底栖动物评价指数评价黄河水质状况差异明显,部分指数之间存在较高相关性。Simpson指数、Pielou指数、ASPT、GBI和BPI因与部分自然环境因子存在较高相关性,不适合作为评价黄河水质的指标;Shannon-Wiener指数、Margalef指数、BMWP和FBI可作为黄河水质评价指标。Different benthic macro-invetebrate indices tend to produce different results of river water quality. Finding out appropriate evaluation indices aimed at specific rivers is the premise of biological assessment. This paper compared two sets of macro-invetebrate survey datasets of the main stream of the Yellow River between 1980s, and 2008. Shannon-Wiener Diversity Index, Margalef Diversity Index, Simpson Diversity Index and Pielou Evenness Index, Biological Monitoring Working Party （BMWP）, Average Score Per Taxon （ASPT）, Goodnight- Whitley Modified Index （GBI）, Family Biotic Index （FBI） and Biotic Pollution Index （BPI） were calculated and compared to evaluate the water quality in the Yellow River. The results showed that the number of macro- invertebrate species sharply reduced due to the water quality deterioration. A clear difference occurred among assessment results of nine macro-invertebrate evaluation indices, with relatively high correlations among part of the indices. Simpson diversity index and Pielou evenness index, ASPT, GBI and BPI shows high correlation with the natural environment factors, which suggested they are not suitable as evaluation indices for water quality assessment in the Yellow River. Shannon-Wiener Diversity Index, Margalef Diversity Index, BMWP and FBI can be used as the assessment indices for biological evaluation of water quality in the Yellow River.

关 键 词：大型底栖无脊椎动物 大型底栖动物指数 生物评价 黄河 

分 类 号：X826[环境科学与工程—环境工程]