低渗透粘弹性表面活性剂的研制和评价  

Investigation on viscoelastic surfactant system in low permeability reservoir

作　　者：田茂章[1] 宋新民[1] 马德胜[1] 张群[1] 周朝晖[1] 蔡红岩[1] 张帆[1] 宣英龙[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国石油勘探开发研究院提高石油采收率国家重点实验室,北京100083

出　　处：《应用化工》2015年第5期804-809,共6页Applied Chemical Industry

基　　金：国家油气重大专项(2011ZX05010-004);中国石油勘探开发研究院科学研究与技术开发项目

摘　　要：针对低渗透油藏注水突破快、无效水循环严重的问题,开展了粘弹性表面活性剂驱油体系的室内研究。通过界面性能和体相流变性能对粘弹性表面活性剂体系进行了评价和优化,得到了具有扩大波及体积和提高驱油效率功能,并具有良好注入性的粘弹性表面活性剂体系。该表面活性剂还具有良好的界面性能,浓度介于0.05%~0.3%时,能够将油水界面张力降低到10-2m N/m数量级,并具有迅速剥离油膜的能力。在0.15%以上,体系的粘度随着浓度的升高而迅速升高,当浓度达到0.3%时,体系的粘度达到20.1 m Pa·s（50℃）。该体系能够通过直径0.2μm的核孔膜,而聚合物则因为堵塞核孔,不能通过0.2μm核孔膜。模拟驱油实验结果表明,该体系可以在水驱基础上提高采收率8%左右。以上研究结果表明,粘弹性表面活性剂体系在低渗透油藏低储层伤害开发中具有很大的潜力。Investigation on viseoelastic suffactant fluid was carried out to check its adaptability in low per- meability reservoirs. According to investigation on interracial property and theological property of the aqueous solution, a viscoelastic suffactant fluid that can improve the swept volume and oil displacement efficiency was obtained. The surfactant systems can decrease the oil-water interracial tension to a magni- tude of 10-2 mN/m when the mass concentration range is between 0.05% - 0.3% （mass concentration）. And they can also remove the oil film promptly. The viscosity of the system increases promptly above 0.15% and reaches 20.1 mPa s at 0.3% （50 ℃ ）. Filtration factor results show that this surfac- tant system can filter though the porous membrane with pore diameter of 0.2 p,m. However, polymer solu- tions will block the pore throat. Additionally, the surfactant system can make an improvement of 8% oil recovery compared to water flooding. The research may provide a new method to enhance oil recovery without environmental damage in low permeability reservoir exploit.

关 键 词：低渗 粘弹性表面活性剂 低界面张力 粘度 注入性 

分 类 号：TQ021.1[化学工程] TE357.46[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]