甜高粱/紫花苜蓿对石油污染土壤的光合适应性研究  

Photosynthetic Adaptability of Sweet Sorghum and Alfalfa to Crude Oil-Polluted Soils

作　　者：李文娆[1] 李小利[2,3] 张晓[1] 张康逸[4] 

机构地区：[1]河南大学生命科学学院,河南开封475004 [2]河南工业大学化学化工学院,郑州450001 [3]山东省黄河三角洲生态环境重点实验室,山东滨州256600 [4]河南省农科院农副产品加工研究所,郑州450002

出　　处：《河南大学学报（自然科学版）》2015年第3期327-333,共7页Journal of Henan University:Natural Science

基　　金：山东省黄河三角洲生态环境重点实验室开放基金(2010KFJG02);河南省重大科技攻关项目(132102110066)资金联合资助

摘　　要：利用盆栽实验研究了不同程度石油污染(9g/15kg和18g/15kg,石油/土壤)土壤对甜高粱和紫花苜蓿气体交换能力、光合功能以及植物生长的影响.结果显示:相对于对照植株,受污染后植株株高和茎粗均显著减小且生物量显著下降;植株Pn(净光合作用速率)、Gs(气孔导度)和Tr(蒸腾速率)显著降低,Ci(细胞间隙CO2)明显累积;PSII反应中心光能转化效率和开放程度、电子传递能力显著减弱(Fv/Fm、Fv/Fo、ΦPSII和qP均明显降低);叶绿素荧光非光化学猝灭qNP显著增加.同时,植株受影响程度随石油污染强度增加而增强;污染前土壤高温灭菌处理会加重石油污染对植株的影响.物种间对石油污染的光合适应性差异不显著.Gas exchange ability,photosynthesis and growth index of sweet sorghum and alfalfa cultured on crude oilpolluted soils （9 g/15 kg and 18 g/15 kg,crude oil/soil） were studied.Results showed that plant height,stem diameter and biomass decreased significantly subjected to crude oil pollution compared with normal growth plants.Simultaneously,Pn （net photosynthesis rate）,Gs （stomatal conductance） and Tr （transpiration rate） decreased significantly and Ci（intercellular CO2） obviously accumulated;Fv/Fm,Fv/Fo,ΦPSII and qP were significantly lower and qNP increased significantly on crude oil-polluted plants.At the same time,plants showed more effect with the increase of intensity of pollution.Additionally,soil sterilization before joining crude oil could aggravate the influence of oil pollution on plants.There was no significant difference of photosynthetic adaptability to oil pollution between sweet sorghum and alfalfa plants.

关 键 词：石油污染 气体交换能力 生长 光合功能 甜高粱/紫花苜蓿 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]