15种中草药超临界CO_2流体萃取物对2种水霉菌的抑制作用研究  

Study on the inhibition effects on 2 Saprolegnia with supercritical CO_2 fluid extracts from 15 Chinese herbal medicines

作　　者：刘永涛[1,2,3] 艾晓辉[1,2,3] 杨秋红[1,2,3] 胥宁[1,2,3] 

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心,江苏无锡214081 [2]中国水产科学研究院长江水产研究所,武汉430223 [3]淡水水产健康养殖湖北省协同创新中心,武汉430223

出　　处：《淡水渔业》2015年第3期40-45,共6页Freshwater Fisheries

基　　金：中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金(中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心)(2013JBFM20);公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费(201203085)

摘　　要：研究了15种中草药超临界CO2流体萃取技术,从中草药粉碎的粒度、超临界CO2流体萃取仪的萃取温度、萃取压力对中草药提取条件进行了优化,获得了15种中草药超临界CO2流体萃取技术方案;将15种中草药超临界CO2流体萃取物添加到PDA培养基中研究了15种中草药萃取物对多子水霉(Saprolegniales ferax)和澳大利亚水霉(Saprolegnia australis)菌丝的抑制作用,结果显示:中草药粉碎成20目时,适宜采用超临界CO2流体萃取仪进行萃取,当超临界CO2流体萃取仪的萃取温度一定的条件下萃取物产率随萃取压力的提高而增加,当萃取压力一定的条件下萃取物产率随萃取温度的增加先增加后降低;15种中草药中川楝子、土槿皮、五倍子、山苍子的萃取物对2种水霉菌菌丝的生长抑制效果相对较好,当萃取物浓度大于200 mg/L时才能较好抑制2种水霉菌菌丝的生长。Extraction technology was studied by using supercritical CO 2 fluid extraction instrument from 15 Chinese herbal medicines.The extraction conditions were optimized by the particle size of Chinese herbal medicines , the extraction temperature of the supercritical CO 2 fluid extraction instrument , the extraction pressure of the supercritical CO 2 fluid extraction instrument and 15 extracts of Chinese herbal medicines were obtained .The inhibition effects of 15 extracts of Chinese herbal medicines on Saprolegniales ferax mycelium and Saprolegnia australis mycelium were tested by the addition of the extracts of Chinese herbal medicine in the PDA culture medium .The results showed that the Chinese herbal medicines were suitable to be extracted with the supercritical CO 2 fluid extraction instrument , when the Chinese herbal medicines were pulverized to 20 mesh particles.The extracts yield of the Chinese herbal medicines increased with the increase of the extraction temperature on the certain extraction pressure .The extracts yield of the Chinese herbal medicines first increased and then decreased with the increase of the extraction temperature on the certain extraction pressure .The extracts of Fructus Toosendan , Chinense Golden Larch Bark , Galla chinensis , and Litsea Cubeba had better inhibition effects on S.ferax mycelium and S.australis mycelium than the other extracts of Chinese herbal medicines .S.ferax mycelium and Saprolegnia australis myceliumwere well inhibited at the concentration of more than 200 mg/L.

关 键 词：超临界CO2流体 萃取物 中草药 多子水霉(Saprolegniales ferax) 澳大利亚水霉(Saprolegnia australis) 

分 类 号：S948[农业科学—水产养殖]