氮素和干旱胁迫对冬小麦幼苗生长发育及生理指标的影响  

Effect of Nitrogen and Drought Stress on Growth and Physiological Indexes of Winter Wheat Seedlings

作　　者：赵君霞[1] 马耕[1] 岳鹏莉 王强[1] 刘甘霖[1] 谢旭东[1] 王晨阳[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学国家小麦工程技术研究中心,河南郑州450002

出　　处：《河南农业科学》2015年第5期26-30,共5页Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：农业部公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201203079);"十二五"国家科技支撑计划项目(2013BAD07B07);河南省小麦产业技术体系岗位专家项目(S2010-01-G07)

摘　　要：以小麦品种豫麦49-198和周麦22为材料,在水培条件下研究了氮素和干旱胁迫对小麦幼苗生长及生理指标的影响。结果表明,单一氮素和干旱胁迫均显著降低小麦株高和地上部干质量,而根干质量和根冠比升高,双重胁迫(N0+PEG)的影响最大。在2种胁迫下,根和叶片中的硝酸盐含量均显著降低,氮胁迫的影响大于干旱胁迫。叶片和根部的可溶性蛋白质和游离氨基酸含量在氮胁迫下下降,干旱胁迫下显著升高。叶片GS活性在氮胁迫下降低,但在干旱胁迫下不同基因型存在差异:豫麦49-198叶片GS活性增加,而周麦22降低。Yumai 49-198 and Zhoumai 22 were used as materials to study the effects of nitrogen and drought stress on growth,development and physiological indexes of winter wheat in Hoagland’ s nutrient solution. The results indicated that nitrogen and water stress for five days could significantly decrease the plant height and shoot dry weight,but increase the root dry weight and root-shoot ratio,of which the com-bination stress of nitrogen and water stress（ N0＋PEG） had the largest influence. In the two stresses,the nitrate content of leaves and roots reduced significantly,and the effect of nitrogen was greater. The con-tents of soluble protein and free amino acids decreased significantly under nitrogen stress,but increased dramatically under water stress. GS activity of leaves was reduced greatly under nitrogen stress, while it showed difference between the two wheat genotypes under drought stress, Yumai 49-198 increased and Zhoumai 22 decreased.

关 键 词：小麦 氮素胁迫 干旱胁迫 生长发育 氮代谢 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]