玉米穗轴粗的主基因+多基因遗传模型分析  

Analysis on Genetic Model of Major Gene Plus Polygene for Cob Diameter of Maize

作　　者：李静[1] 陈士林[1] 张怀胜[1] 王铁固[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南科技学院生命科技学院,河南新乡453003

出　　处：《河南农业科学》2015年第5期38-41,共4页Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：河南省重点科技攻关项目(102102110165)

摘　　要：利用植物数量性状主基因+多基因混合遗传模型,以玉米杂交组合济533/PH6WC(组合Ⅰ)、济533/H5818(组合Ⅱ)和2394/PH6WC(组合Ⅲ)的6个世代(P1、P2、F1、B1、B2、F2)为材料,研究了玉米穗轴粗的遗传规律。结果表明,组合Ⅰ的穗轴粗符合E-5模型,由2对完全显性主基因+加性-显性多基因控制遗传,受主基因和多基因共同影响;组合Ⅱ符合A-4模型,即1对负向完全显性主基因模型,在B1世代的选择效率最高;组合Ⅲ符合D-4模型,受1对负向完全显性主基因+加性-显性多基因控制,在B2世代没有检测到多基因的存在。组合Ⅰ玉米穗轴粗3个分离世代的主基因遗传率分别为6.0%、42.5%、75.0%,多基因遗传率分别为71.4%、37.5%、5.0%。组合Ⅱ玉米穗轴粗3个分离世代的主基因遗传率分别为63.0%、54.6%、54.2%。组合Ⅲ的玉米穗轴粗3个分离世代的主基因遗传率分别为7.0%、40.5%、17.8%,多基因遗传率分别为47.5%、0、50.4%。The mixed genetic model of major gene plus polygene for plant quantitative traits was used to investigate the inheritance of cob diameter,taking P1 ,P2 ,B1 ,B2 ,F1 and F2 generations of Ji 533/PH6WC （crossⅠ）,Ji 533 / H5818 （crossⅡ） and 2394 / PH6WC （crossⅢ） as experimental material. The re-sults showed that the cob diameter of crossⅠaccorded with E-5 model,controlled by two fully dominant major genes plus additive-dominance polygenes,so it was affected by major gene and polygenes. The opti-mal model of cross Ⅱ was A-4 model,controlled by a pair of negative completely dominant major gene, and the highest selecting efficiency was in B1 generation. CrossⅢaccorded with D-4 model,controlled by a pair of negative completely dominant major gene plus additive-dominance polygenes, but the multiple genes were not detected in B2 generation. For crossⅠ,the major gene heritability of cob diameter in three separating generations was 6. 0%,42. 5% and 75. 0%,respectively,while the polygene heritability was 71. 4%,37. 5% and 5. 0%. For cross Ⅱ,the major gene heritability of cob diameter in three separating generations was 63. 0%,54. 6% and 54. 2%,respectively. For crossⅢ,the major gene heritability of cob diameter in three separating generations was 7. 0%,40. 5% and 17. 8%,respectively,while the polygene heritability was 47. 5%,0 and 50. 4%,respectively.

关 键 词：玉米 穗轴粗 主基因+多基因 遗传机制 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]