美系大白猪繁殖性能与胴体品质影响因素探讨  

Effect Factors of Reproduction Performance and Carcass Quality in Yorkshire Pigs

作　　者：胡慧艳[1] 贾青[1,2] 赵思思[1] 墨锋涛[1] 陶文欢 牛向昭 张建亭 

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学动物科技学院,河北保定071000 [2]国家北方山区农业工程技术研究中心,河北保定071000 [3]安平县浩源养殖有限公司,河北安平053000 [4]安平县畜牧兽医站,河北安平053000

出　　处：《河南农业科学》2015年第5期138-141,共4页Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：河北省现代农业产业技术体系专项

摘　　要：为研究美系大白猪不同胎次、配种季节对繁殖性能,不同体质量阶段对屠宰性能及肉品质的影响,对美系大白猪不同胎次、配种季节初生仔猪体质量、窝总产仔数等进行统计分析。结果显示:美系大白母猪胎次对窝总产仔数、初生仔猪体质量均有显著影响,其中第4胎次比第1、第7胎次平均窝总产仔数分别提高1.02头和0.87头(P<0.05);第1、4、5胎次初生仔猪体质量均显著低于第2、3胎次;配种季节对大白猪窝总产仔数有显著影响,其中冬季进行配种的平均窝总产仔数比夏季、秋季进行配种分别提高0.63头和0.53头(P<0.05)。在屠宰性能上,屠宰体质量120 kg与80 kg、100 kg的屠宰率、肾脏质量差异达到极显著水平(P<0.01);板油质量、脂肪率及骨率差异达到显著水平(P<0.05);其他胴体性状之间差异均不显著(P>0.05)。大白猪的肉质性状(肉色、大理石纹、肌内脂肪)随屠宰体质量的增加呈上升趋势;100 kg和120 kg屠宰时大理石纹评分分别比80 kg屠宰时增加0.67、0.65;肉色、p H值、肌内脂肪含量在不同屠宰体质量间均无显著差异。结果表明,胎次、季节对大白猪的繁殖性能有显著影响,屠宰体质量对屠宰率、脂肪率、骨率及大理石纹有显著影响。The study was designed to explore the effects of different parities,mating seasons on reproduc-tion performance and live weight on carcass characteristics in Yorkshire. Statistical analyses were conduc-ted on the birth weight and the total number born with variety of the season and the parity, the results showed that the litter size and birth weight had significant difference among the different parities. The lit-ter size of 4st were significantly increased by 1. 02 and 0. 87 than 1st and 7th respectively, the birth weight of 1st,4th and 5th were significantly lower than 2nd and 3rd parity. Mating seasons had a marked effect on litter size of Yorkshire,the significant difference of litter size between summer,autumn and win-ter,and winter was the highest,which increased by 0. 63 and 0. 53,respectively. For carcass performance, results showed that the effects of slaughtering weight on the dressing percentage and the kidney weight reached an extremely significant level （P〈0. 01） between 120 kg and 80 kg,100 kg of slaughter weight. Perirenal fat weight,fat percentage and bone percentage reached the significant level（P 〈0. 05）,but other carcass traits were not significant（P〉0. 05）. In meat quality traits,the marbling score of 100 kg and 120 kg significantly increased by 0. 67 and 0. 65 than 80 kg respectively. The other meat quality traits did not make significant difference among the different slaughter weight （ P〉0 . 05 ） , only a slight diffe-rence of the Yorkshire. In this study,evidence showed that the parity and the season had a marked effect on the main reproduction ability of the Yorkshire. The live weight had a marked effect on the dressing per-centage,fat percentage,bone percentage and marbling score.

关 键 词：大白猪 繁殖性能 屠宰性能 肉质品质 

分 类 号：S828.8[农业科学—畜牧学]