基于温度和空气动力学的海河流域潜在蒸散发量估算方法的适用性  

Applicability of Temperature and Mass-transfer Based Potential Evapotranspiration Estimation Methods in Haihe River Basin

作　　者：赵玲玲[1,2] 夏军[3] 许崇育[3] 陈燕乔[1] 

机构地区：[1]广州地理研究所广东省地理空间信息技术与应用公共实验室,广东广州510070 [2]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101 [3]武汉大学水资源与水电工程科学国家重点实验室,湖北武汉430072

出　　处：《水电能源科学》2015年第6期1-5,共5页Water Resources and Power

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2010CB428406);广州地理所优秀创新人才基金

摘　　要：针对潜在蒸散发量估算方法众多但缺乏统一评价的问题,基于海河流域46个国家气象站点1960~2010年日气象数据序列,以Penman-Monteith方法估算量和蒸发皿蒸发量为基准,从估算量与蒸发皿蒸发量的相关性、年均值空间变化特征、年内四季空间变化特征和年际变化趋势四个方面,开展六种基于温度和空气动力学的潜在蒸散发量估算方法及Penman-Monteith法在海河流域的适用性讨论。结果表明,PenmanMonteith方法在整个流域适用性较强;六种基于温度和空气动力学的方法中,Kaharrafa方法和Blaney-Criddle方法在多年均值和年际变化趋势上估算效果较好,但在年内四季分布上却不太好,Penman和Rower方法在多年均值和年内四季分布方面适用性较强,但估算的年际变化趋势与蒸发皿蒸发量不一致。由于各方法考虑的气象因子及各因子对估算量的影响程度不同,基于温度和空气动力学方法仅考虑单一气象要素,只能反映某一方面的变化。For the existing number of potential evapotranspiration estimation methods and the lack of uniform evalua- tion situation, based on the daily meteorological data from 1960 to 2010 of 46 country weather stations in the Haihe Ba- sin, this paper assess the applicability of 6 kinds of estimation methods from four aspects of the correlation between esti- mation potential evapotranspiration and pan evaporation, the annual average spatial variation, spatial variation of seasonal and inter-annual trend by taking the estimation of Penman-Monteith method and pan evaporation as benchmark. The se- lected 6 kinds of estimation methods including 4 temperature based methods and 2 aerodynamics based methods. The re- sults show that the Penman-Monteith method has strong applicability in the whole basin; Kaharrafa method and Blaney- Criddle method in estimating the mean and inter-annual trends got ideal results, but the season distribution is unsatisfac- tory; Penman and Rower methods have strong applicability in annual average and seasonal distribution, but the inter-an nual trends are inconsistent with pan evaporation. The main reason is the different estimated methods considering differ- ent meteorological factors and the same meteorological factors play a different role in different estimated methods.

关 键 词：潜在蒸散发 Penman-Monteith方法 基于温度方法 基于空气动力学方法 适用性 海河流域 

分 类 号：TV11[水利工程—水文学及水资源]