额尔齐斯河银鲫寄生指环虫18S rDNA序列测定及系统发育研究  

18s rDNA Sequence Determination and Phylogenetic Study of Parasitic Dactylogyrus in Carassius auratus gibelio in Ergis River

作　　者：温卫栋 汪博良[1] 贾舒安[1] 郝翠兰[1] 王新[1] 岳城[1] 

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学动物医学学院,乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《水生态学杂志》2015年第3期95-100,共6页Journal of Hydroecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31160535);"淡水生态与生物技术国家重点实验室开放性课题"(No:2011FB06);新疆科技支疆项目(No:201191136);新疆维吾尔自治区普通高校重点学科基础兽医学项目

摘　　要：为验证依靠形态鉴定的指环虫种类的正确性,进行了分子生物学鉴定,并研究了系统发育。2009-2014年在额尔齐斯河采集的银鲫（Carassius auratus gibelio）鳃部的指环虫,依靠形态鉴定为坏鳃指环虫（Dactylogyrus vastator）和伸展指环虫（Dactylogyrus extensus）。18S rDNA序列与Gen Bank中18S rDNA序列同源性比较结果,坏鳃指环虫同源性为99.36%（457/460）,碱基转换率为0.65%（3/460）;伸展指环虫同源性为100%（472/472）。用MEGA4.1软件分析和计算3科8属19种单殖吸虫18S r DNA序列的遗传距离。3个科单殖吸虫种类的种间遗传距离0.006-0.238,指环虫科的遗传距离0.007-0.047,指环虫科与锚首虫科的遗传距离0.097-0.182,指环虫科与鳞盘虫科的遗传距离0.164-0.235。系统发育研究结果,坏鳃指环虫和中间指环虫首先聚为一支,然后与伸展指环虫聚为一支,最终指环虫科的所有虫种聚为一支。研究结果同时也为额尔齐斯河人工养殖银鲫的病害防治提供依据。Dactylogyrus is the dominant population of monogenean parasites in Cyprinidae fishes. Identification and research on the phylogenetic relationship of parasitic Platyhelminthes in fish have long been dependent on morpho- logical features. With the development of molecular biological techniques, molecular phylogenetics has solved the problems with which traditional morphological identification and phylogenetic relationship research have been con- fronted and the 18S rDNA gene has been widely applied to classification of animal fauna and phylogenetic analysis. Research on parasitic Dactylogyrus in fish in Ergis River has been concerned primarily with population dynamics and adding new records and only a few studies have been reported on molecular identification and phylogenetic analysis. The objectives of this study were as follows： 1 ） To determine the 18S rDNA sequence of Dactylogyrus species infecting Carassius auratus gibelio in the Ergis River and to confirm morphological identification of Dactylogyrus species. 2） To carry out phylogenetic analysis of 19 Dactylogyrus species based on their 18S rDNA sequences. Par- asite samples were collected from the gills of Carassius auratus gibelio captured in Ergis River from 2009 to 2014 and identified as Dactylogyrus vastator and Dactylogyrus extensus by morphological identification. DNA extraction, amplification of the 18S rDNA genes and sequencing of PCR products were conducted. A comparison of the 18S rDNA sequence for D. vastator obtained in our study with the 18S rDNA sequence in GenBank revealed a DNA se- quence homology of 99.36% （457/460） and a base conversion rate of 0.65 % （3/460）. The same comparison for D. extensus revealed a DNA sequence homology of 100% （472/472）. The genetic distances of 18S rDNA se- quences for the 19 Monogenean species from 3 families and 8 genera were calculated and analyzed by MEGA4.1 software. Results indicate the following genetic distances： 0.006 -0.238 among the 3 families; 0. 097 -0. 182 be- tween Dactylogyrus

关 键 词：银鲫 坏鳃指环虫 伸展指环虫 分子鉴定 系统发育 额尔齐斯河 

分 类 号：Q785[生物学—分子生物学] S941.52[农业科学—水产养殖]