猪场污水处理与综合利用技术  

Technology of Swine Wastewater Treatment and Utilization

作　　者：宋立[1] 刘刈[1] 王智勇[1] 蒲小东[1] 邓良伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]农业部沼气科学研究所,四川成都610041

出　　处：《中国畜牧杂志》2015年第10期51-57,共7页Chinese Journal of Animal Science

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系专项资金(CASR-36)

摘　　要：猪场污水处理与综合利用可分为沼气(厌氧)-还田利用、沼气(厌氧)-自然处理、沼气(厌氧)-好氧处理3个模式。本文对各个模式的功能定位、关键技术环节及制约因素进行了分析。3个模式的核心是沼气发酵,主要问题是升温困难,冬季处理和产气效率低。其中,沼气(厌氧)-还田利用模式的关键是土地承载能力、沼渣沼液的储存、运行距离和适用标准;沼气(厌氧)-自然处理的关键是所需的面积和越冬;沼气(厌氧)-好氧处理模式的关键问题是沼液好氧处理效果差,针对这个问题,目前开发了"厌氧-加原水、间歇曝气工艺"和"基于浓稀分流的猪场粪污处理工艺",前者解决了沼液好氧处理效果差的问题,后者不仅解决了沼液好氧处理效果差的问题,而且可以提高猪场污水沼气发酵冬季产气效率。猪场污水处理利用首先应因地制宜选择合适的模式,其次应准确把握不同模式的关键技术、管理环节,寻找合理的解决办法与措施。Technology of swine wastewater treatment and utilization could be concluded in 3 modes： biogas（anaerobic）- land spreading, blogas（anaerobic）-natural treatment and biogas（anaerobic）-aerobic treatment. The function orientation, key technology and constraints were analyzed in this article. Biogas fermentation is the core of the 3 modes above- mentioned, and its problem are hard to heat and the low efficiency in winter. The key factors of the mode of biogas （anaerobic）- land spreading are land bearing capacity, storage of digested slurry and residue, transportation, and applicable standards. The key factors of biogas （anaerobic）-natural treatment mode were the area of land demand and poor efficiency in winter. The key factors of biogas （anaerobic）-aerobic treatment mode is the poor treatment effect on digested slu,-xy. Consider these problems, several new processes were developed. ＂Anarwia＂ solve the problem of poor aerobic treatment effect on digested slurry. Nevertheless,＂The treatment method of swine wastewater based on the separation of concentrated liquid and low content liquid＂ not only solve the problem of poor aerobic treatment effect on digested slurry, but also increase the biogas fermentation efficiency of swine wastewater in winter. To treat or utilize swine wastewater, firstly, choose the suitable mode based on the circumstains; secondly, master the key technology and management process of different modes and find feasible solution.

关 键 词：猪场污水 厌氧发酵 自然处理 好氧处理 

分 类 号：S210.3[农业科学—农业机械化工程]