镜质体反射率的研究现状  

Research Status of Vitrinite Rreflectivity

作　　者：孔伟思 方石[1] 袁魏[2] 王凯[1] 聂镜奇 侯继盛 

机构地区：[1]吉林大学地球科学学院,吉林长春130021 [2]中国石化江苏油田物探技术研究院,江苏南京210046 [3]吉林省第二地质调查所,吉林吉林132013

出　　处：《当代化工》2015年第5期1020-1028,共9页Contemporary Chemical Industry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41472173);国家重大油气专项(ZP-Y-01);准噶尔盆地外围西部油气基础地质调查;国土资源部公益性行业科研专项经费项目(201311111);吉林大学创新团队建设项目(201004001);吉林大学基本科研业务费平台基地建设项目

摘　　要：镜质体的反射率与其受热升温正相关,该过程不可逆且十分稳定。镜质体反射率最早用于煤岩学,其后作为重要的数字标尺被用于分析烃源岩的生烃模式。本文详述了该方法的基本原理、实验过程、数据校正以及在盆地热历史等方面应用,特别论述了20世纪以来的发展过程。其中该方法在热史方面的应用,由早期简单图版法,发展至现今的复杂计算模拟,其中经典的是Lerche计算法和Easy%Ro模拟法,已经可以较为准确的恢复盆地的热史和经历的最高古地温。此外利用地层中Ro值与深度之间的关系恢复剥蚀量,以及分析盆地的类型和排驱压力。目前,镜质体反射率正在朝微观化和系统化两个方向发展,一是通过实测数据点的双峰或多峰直方图了解芳香苯环的区别和不同来源,定量解释其受热过程,二是发挥自身不可逆性及稳定记录的特点,与其他古温标法配合,相互约束揭示其受热过程。Vitrinite reflectivity varies directly as the heat it receives, which is irreversible and stable. The vitrinite reflectivity was firstly used in anthracology field and later was regarded as important digital staff to analysis models of source rock. In this paper, the fundamental principle, experimental processes and data correction of the above method were described as well as its application in studying the thermal history of a basin. The method applied in thernal field began by simple engraving method and now develops into using complex computational simulation. Lerche calculation method and easy Ro numerical simulation are considered as classical model because they recover more exactly either in the thermal history of a basin or in the respect of the highest temperature that the basin has experienced. Besides, we can recover the eroded thickness by using discrete Ro values in stratum. By the same way, we can also analyze basin＆#39;s types and displacement pressure. At present, the vitrinite reflectivity develops into the directions of micro and systematicness.At first, we learn the difference and different sources of aromatic benzene by bimodal or unimodal histogram, explaining its heating process by quantitative interpretation.Secondly, we use the advantage of irreversibility and stability of recording basin thermal events. Cooperated with other geologic thermometers,they restrict each other in order to reveal its heating process.

关 键 词：镜质体反射率 原理 实验方法 热史 剥蚀量 

分 类 号：TE122[石油与天然气工程—油气勘探]