基于梯度信息的无线传感器网络MAC协议研究  

Medium Access Control Protocol of Wireless Sensor Networks Based on Gradient Information

作　　者：杨兵[1] 张珂珂[2] 李国徽[2] 何伟康[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖北大学教育技术学系,武汉430062 [2]华中科技大学计算机科学与技术学院,武汉430074

出　　处：《计算机科学》2015年第5期124-131,共8页Computer Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(61170093);中国博士后科学基金项目(20110491149);湖北省自然科学基金(2013CFB003);湖北省信息化与基础教育均衡发展协同创新中心基金项目(201406);湖北大学教学改革与研究项目(201309)资助

摘　　要：在无线传感器网络中,MAC协议负责协调节点竞争,为节点分配共享的无线信道资源。使用节点采集信号强度信息来划分梯度,依据梯度将事件域内节点分配到不同时间空间中来竞争信道,可以减轻信道的负担。仿真实验表明,引入自适应的梯度划分算法能很好地适应网络拓扑结构的变化,采用的梯度跳跃机制可以有效减小由于梯度划分而带来的延迟,并且,所设计的空间相关性控制策略能够有效减小重建误差。In wireless sensor networks（WSN）, medium access control （MAC） protocols determine the usage mode of wireless channel and allocate shared radio resource among sensor nodes. In this paper, we introduced a new channel competition mechanism to allocate the channel resources for the nodes. The protocol utilizes the signal strength collected by nodes to partition gradients. Based on that, we assigned the nodes in the event region to different time period to contend for the channel. The simulation result proves this method has lightened the burden of channel. And we proposed a self-adaptive gradients partition algorithm which makes the gradients partition more flexible and can adapt to the changes of the network topology very well. At the same time,a gradient jumping mechanism to reduce latency caused by gradients partition was designed. At last, this protocol also gives a strategy to control the distortion of reconstruction caused by spatial correlation of nodes.

关 键 词：无线传感器网络 空间相关性 介质访问控制 梯度划分 

分 类 号：TP311[自动化与计算机技术—计算机软件与理论]