碘离子促进下氰基的定向水解反应研究  

Iodides as efficient catalysts for nitriles hydrolysis

作　　者：于建玲[1] 陈宝龙[1] 张翔[1] 张立军[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津理工大学化学化工学院,天津300384

出　　处：《天津理工大学学报》2015年第3期51-54,共4页Journal of Tianjin University of Technology

摘　　要：氰基水解是制备酰胺或羧酸类化合物的重要途径,但无论在酸性环境还是碱性环境,氰基的水解产物往往是酰胺和羧酸的混合物,选择性较差.为了提高氰基水解的选择性,本研究尝试了不同物质对氰基水解的影响,发现碱金属碘化物能够促进氰基定向水解为羧基,选择性达到100%.该方法不仅大大降低了苛性碱的用量,而且产物纯度高,反应快,效率高,环境友好,为羧酸类化合物的制备提供了高效便利的方法.The hydrolysis of nitriles presents an important way for the preparation of carboxylic acids and amides. However, oweing to the bad selectivity, it often produces the mixture of carboxylic acid and amide under acidic or basic conditions. In or- der to improve the selectivity of eyano hydrolysis, different compounds were employed to promote the reaction,and alkali io- dides were found efficient in producing carboxylic acids with 100% selectivity. The process exhibits many advantages such as sharp decrease of caustics, high purity of product, short time of preparation, and environmental benign, thus provides an effi- cient and convienent way for preparation of carboxylic acids.

关 键 词：碘离子 氰基 羧酸 水解 

分 类 号：O625[理学—有机化学]