珠江口桂山岛海域桡足类休眠卵对浮游种群的潜在补充及其影响因素  

The recruitment potential and the impact on copepod eggs into plankton in the Guishan Island region in the Pearl River Estuary,China

作　　者：陈亮东 栾磊磊[1] 王庆[1] 何学佳[2] 袁丹妮[1] 柴召阳[1] 杨宇峰[1] 

机构地区：[1]暨南大学水生生物研究所,水体富营养化与赤潮防治广东省教育厅重点实验室,广州510632 [2]暨南大学赤潮与海洋生物学研究中心,广州510632

出　　处：《生态学报》2015年第10期3373-3381,共9页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家科技支撑项目(2012BAD18B01);国家自然科学基金项目(U1301235,41173079);高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金(20124401120013);广东省教育厅育苗工程项目(2012LYM_0025)

摘　　要：于2011年7月和2012年8月分2个航次采集珠江口桂山岛海域表层沉积物,首次研究珠江口海域桡足类的休眠卵潜在补充量。结果显示:该海域桡足类休眠卵呈不均匀分布,2011年7月沉积物休眠卵潜在补充量介于1.7×105—1.0×107卵/m3之间,平均值为2.1×106卵/m3;2012年8月沉积物休眠卵潜在补充量介于8.9×104—4.3×106卵/m3之间。呈现防波堤外深水区>防波堤内养殖区>防波堤外浅水区的分布格局。统计分析显示桡足类休眠卵潜在补充量和沉积物含水率呈极显著正相关(P<0.01),和水深呈显著正相关(P<0.05),表明水深和沉积物含水量是影响桡足类休眠卵潜在补充量的重要因素。休眠卵不同冷藏时间萌发结果发现:萌发持续时间介于10—36d之间,休眠卵萌发类型均为同步萌发型。萌发休眠卵种类为刺尾纺锤水蚤(Acartia spinicauda)和瘦尾胸刺水蚤(Centropages tenuiremis),表明沉积物中休眠卵是上述两种桡足类水体种群的重要补充。筛绢网孔径50—200μm之间休眠卵萌发量占总萌发量的93%,表明采用50μm和200μm筛绢网来分离桡足类休眠卵具有较好的代表性。Hatching experiments to determine the recruitment potential of copepod eggs into the planktonic population were conducted using sediment samples collected during two cruises from the Guishan Island area in the Pearl River Estuary, China, in August 2011 and July 2012. The horizontal distribution of the recruitment potential was uneven, ranging from1.7×10^5 to 1.0×10^7 eggs/m^3 with a mean value of 2.1×10^6 eggs/m^3 in 2011 and ranging from 8.9×10^4 to 4.3×10^6 eggs/m^3 in 2012. In the abyssal zone outside the breakwater the recruitment potential was higher than inside the culture area and in the shoal waters outside the breakwater. Statistical analysis showed that the recruitment potential of copepod resting eggs was positively significantly correlated with both sediment moisture content, and water depth （P 〈 0.05）. Therefore depth and sediment moisture content are important factors that influence the recruitment potential of copepod resting eggs. The hatching time ranged from 10 to 36 days after a cooling period. The resting eggs were identified after they became adults to be Acartia spinicauda and Centropages tenuiremis. The egg bank in the local sediments is an important source for the two kinds of copepod in the Pearl River Estuary, The recruitment potential of copepod resting eggs collected with a 50 μm and 200 μm mesh net accounted for 93% of the total recruitment, which proved that the two mesh sizes can be effective for separating copepod resting eggs.

关 键 词：珠江口 桡足类 休眠卵 潜在补充量 

分 类 号：Q958.8[生物学—动物学]