二氯喹啉酸在水旱条件下对土壤酶活性及微生物群落的影响  

Effects of quinclorac on soil enzymes activities and microbial community under flooded and non-flooded conditions

作　　者：杨彩宏[1] 张妤[1,2] 崔烨[1] 冯莉[1] 郭爱玲[2] 田兴山[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东省农科院植物保护研究所/广东省植物保护新技术重点实验室,广东广州510640 [2]华中农业大学食品科技学院,湖北武汉430000

出　　处：《广东农业科学》2015年第6期74-79,共6页Guangdong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201203098);广东省农业攻关项目(2012A020602028)

摘　　要：二氯喹啉酸是稻田常用的除草剂,通过在稻田土壤中施加不同含量的二氯喹啉酸后在淹水和不淹水条件下暗培养(25℃),探讨其对土壤酶活及微生物群落的影响。结果表明:淹水条件下,相同处理时间,稻田土壤施加二氯喹啉酸后,药剂处理土壤过氧化氢酶被激活的程度较大,而脲酶、脱氢酶和纤维素酶的活性也出现一定的波动,但均与对照的酶变化趋势同步。土壤中细菌PLFA大于真菌,过氧化氢酶与土壤细菌脂肪酸23∶0呈极显著正相关;在不淹水状态下,土壤中过氧化氢酶、脱氢酶、纤维素酶和脲酶受到含磷脂脂肪酸12∶0、14∶0、14∶1、15∶1、16∶1、17∶1、22∶0、24∶0、18∶1n9t等微生物的调节,真菌生物量与淹水条件下相比,有所下降,二氯喹啉酸土壤PLFA总生物量与过氧化氢酶和脲酶呈显著负相关,而与脱氢酶和纤维素酶呈一定的正相关。To explore the effects of quinclorac, a common herbicide in paddy field, on soil enzymes activities and microbial community structure, soil samples from non-flooded paddy soil and flooded paddy soil were supplemented with various concentrations of quinelorac and kept in the dark at 25℃. The results showed that the catalase activity was significantly activated by quinloarc in the flooded soil. The change trend of other three enzymes activities, urease, dehydrogenase and cellulose, were similar to the control, in spite of some change occurred in the three enzymes. PLFA biomass of bacteria was much more than that of fungi. The correlation analysis showed that there was a significantly positive relationship between eatalase and 23：0 of soil fatty acid. After the non-flooded soil were treated with quinclorac, analysis of the correlation between enzymes activities and soil PLFAs indicated that, urease, catalase, dehydrogenase and cellulase were regulated mostly by the microorganisms which contained 12：0, 14： 0, 14：1, 15：1, 16：1, 17：1, 22：0, 24：0 and 18：ln9t, and there was a significantly negative relationship between total PLFA biomass in soil and catalase and urease, but a positive relationship between total PLFA biomass and dehydrogenase and cellulose.

关 键 词：二氯喹啉酸 土壤酶活性 土壤微生物 淹水土壤 相关性 

分 类 号：S482[农业科学—农药学]