皮艇运动员划桨功率指标与专项成绩的关系及训练学应用——以单人艇1000m为例  

Relations between Paddling Power and Specific Performance for Kayakers and Its Training Application——Taking Kayaker 1000 m as an Example

作　　者：裘艺 程其练[2] 周美芳[2] 魏文仪[3] 

机构地区：[1]江西省体育科学研究所,江西南昌330006 [2]江西师范大学体育学院,江西南昌330046 [3]上海体育学院运动科学学院,上海200438

出　　处：《上海体育学院学报》2015年第3期62-67,82,共7页Journal of Shanghai University of Sport

基　　金：江西省科技支撑计划资助项目(2009BSA12600)

摘　　要：利用动力学模型,研究皮艇运动员划桨功率指标与专项成绩的关系,并探讨其在训练实践中的应用途径。发现:1发展运动员划桨周期中的平均功率是提高单人皮艇1 000 m成绩的关键,1 000 m专项成绩和平均功率之间是非线性关系,运动员体重和风向、风力对专项成绩也有一定的影响;2以划桨功率指标与专项成绩的关系为基础,等功率校正方法可用于不同风向、风力下的成绩比较和训练水平检验;3利用划桨功率指标与专项成绩的关系可打造不同成绩水平下的运动员个体能力目标,并和皮艇测功仪做功指标进行比较可以反映现实体能差距;4由划桨功率指标与专项成绩的关系可以明确运动员体重和功率指标变化的适配准则,为形态体格的专项适应性改造提供依据。The study elaborates the relations between paddling power and specific performance of kayakers on the basis of dynamic model, and the application in training is also explored. The findings show that： ① The development in average power within a stroke period is the key factor to elevate kayakers＇ performance in 1 000 m, and the relationship between average power and specific performance shows nonlinear features; the kayakers＇ body mass and wind force have a definite influence on the performance. ②The methods with equal power correction may be applied in the performance comparison and training state testing.③On different performance levels, it may establish the training target in specific work capacities which may be used tocompare with the power index of ergometer to reflect the realistic gap in individual physical power for kayakers. ④The adaptation principle for concurrent variation of kayakers＇ body mass and specific work capacities is firmed in order to provide the reference for the specific reformation of the kayakers＇ physiques.

关 键 词：皮艇运动员 划桨功率 专项成绩 训练学 单人艇1000m 

分 类 号：G861.4[文化科学—体育训练]