大学生生活事件及其对抑郁情绪的影响  

Exploratory study on relationship between life events and their influence on depressive status of undergraduates

作　　者：张文悦[1] 杨昕静 郭天蔚[1] 马文昊[1] 郭卓[1] 胡凌娟[1] 陈捷[1] 图娅[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京中医药大学针灸推拿学院,北京100029

出　　处：《中华行为医学与脑科学杂志》2015年第4期374-377,共4页Chinese Journal of Behavioral Medicine and Brain Science

基　　金：基金项目：科技部国际合作项目（2007DFA30780）

摘　　要：目的 调查研究大学生群体的生活事件,探索其对大学生抑郁情绪的预测作用,为保障大学生的心理健康提供帮助.方法 对2 270名大学生进行抽样问卷调查,采用流调中心用抑郁自评量表（CES-D）测量抑郁情绪（将CES-D评分≥16分者归于抑郁组,＜16分者归于非抑郁组）、应用中国生活事件量表（LES）评估大学生生活事件.结果 大学生LES量表总平均分为（8.71±11.00）分,CES-D平均分为（11.43±8.80）分,抑郁检出率为25％;大学生生活中发生率最高的前三位生活事件是“工作学习中压力大”（54.8％）,“被人误会、错怪等”（35.7％）,“生活规律重大变动”（27.9％）;逐步回归分析显示,负性工作学习事件评分对CES-D量表总评分及各维度评分均有正向预测作用（β=0.24,0.15,0.22,0.22,0.14）,负性家庭生活评分对CES-D总分、积极和抑郁情绪评分均有正向预测作用（β=0.07,0.09,0.08）,负性社会交往评分对人际活动有正向预测作用（β=0.06）;抑郁组大学生（n=467）负性家庭生活事件、负性工作学习及负性社会交往评分均高于非抑郁组大学生（n=1 386） [（3.40±5.28）分vs （2.01±4.32）分][（3.76±4.25）分 vs（2.03±3.13）分][（2.05±3.30）分vs （1.32±2.74）分],均P＜0.01;结论 大学生群体情绪状态良好,生活中仍以工作学习事件为主,工作学习压力及人际关系影响其心理健康.Objective To investigate life events of undergraduates,to explore their predictive effect on depressive status,and to give advice for maintenance of mental health of undergraduates.Methods By cluster sampling,2 270 undergraduates were recruited to receive questionnaire surveys.Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale （CES-D） was used to measure depressive status （CES-D ≥ 16 was defined as depressive status while CES-D〈 16 was defined as non-depressive status）,life event scale（LES） was applied to assess life events of undergraduates.Results The mean score of LES was （8.71± 11.00） and the mean score of CES-D was （11.43± 8.80）,the occurrence of depressive status was 25%.＆quot; High pressure from study and work＆quot; （55%）,＆quot; being misunderstood or blamed unjustly＆quot; （36%） and ＆quot;Big change on life schedule＆quot; （28%） were rated as the first three highest occurrence life events.Stepwise regression analysis demonstrated that scores of negative study and work events were positively associated with CES-D scores and scores of the four dimensions of CES-D scale（β=0.24,0.15,0.22,0.22,0.14）.Scores of negative family events were positively associated with CES-D scores and scores of positive and depressed affect （β=0.07,0.09,0.08）.Scores of negative social interaction were positively associated with scores of interpersonal problems （β=0.06）.Students in depressive status group （n=467） exhibited higher scores on negative family events,negative work and study events and negative social interaction than those in nondepressive status group （n=1 386） （（3.40±5.28） vs （2.01±4.32）,（3.76±4.25） vs （2.03±3.13）,（2.05±3.30） vs （1.32±2.74）,P〈0.01）.Conclusion It suggests that undergraduates present favorable mental health condition.Study and work events are primary life events of undergraduates.Pressure from study and work and social interaction can affect their mental health.

关 键 词：大学生 抑郁 生活事件 调查研究 

分 类 号：R749.4[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]