TM65m射电望远镜L、S、C、X频段天线性能测量  

Antenna Performance Measurements in L,S,C,and X Bands for TM65m Radio Telescope

作　　者：王锦清[1,2] 赵融冰[1,2] 虞林峰[1,2] 殷海玲 劳保强 吴亚军[1,2] 李斌[1,2] 董健[1,2] 蒋甬斌[1,2] 夏博[1,2] 左秀婷[1,2] 苟伟[1,2] 郭文[1,2] 伍筱聪[1,2] 陆雪江 刘庆会[1,2] 范庆元[1,2] 蒋栋荣[1,2] 钱志瀚[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院上海天文台,上海200030 [2]中国科学院射电天文重点实验室,南京210008 [3]上海新竹园中学,上海200122 [4]桂林电子科技大学,桂林541004

出　　处：《天文学报》2015年第3期278-294,共17页Acta Astronomica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(11303076)资助

摘　　要：报告了上海天马65 m射电望远镜(简称TM65m)4个低频(L、S、C、X)段的天线效率、灵敏度以及系统噪声温度的性能测试情况.首先介绍了射电天文接收系统的关键指标,接着对测试方法进行了论述,并对误差进行了评估.最后给出了TM65m上4个低频段的天线效率、灵敏度以及系统噪声温度的测试情况,测试结果表明:在C和X波段,副面位置固定时,在高低俯仰角上效率和灵敏度下降剧烈,当启动副面(随动)模型后,在全仰角范围内,效率可以控制到60%以上.系统噪声温度与副面模型无关,在4个波段中C波段的灵敏度和系统噪声温度最佳.The measured results of the antenna efficiency, sensitivity, and system noise temperature for TM65m telescope are reported in this paper. The key param- eters describing a radio astronomy receiving system are introduced firstly. Then the measurement methods are discussed, and the errors are assessed. Finally, the measure- ments of the antenna efficiency, sensitivity, and system temperature performances are given. The results show that the efficiency and SEFD （System Equivalent Flux Den- sity） decrease dramatically at both low and high elevations when the position of the sub-reflector is fixed. The antenna efficiency in C and X bands reaches more than 60% over the entire elevation range if a sub-reflector model is applied. The system noise temperatures are independent of the sub-reflector model. The sensitivity and system noise temperature of the C band has the best performance among the four bands.

关 键 词：大气效应 技术:雷达天文 宇宙背景辐射 

分 类 号：P111[天文地球—天文学]