山地河流壶穴生态系统研究进展  

Pothole ecosystem in mountain river: A review

作　　者：任海庆[1,2,3] 袁兴中[1,2,3] 刘红[3] 张跃伟[1,2,3] 邓伟[1,2,3] 岳俊生[1,2,3] 王晓锋[1,2,3] 

机构地区：[1]煤矿灾害动力学与控制国家重点实验室,重庆400030 [2]西南资源开发及环境灾害控制工程教育部重点实验室,重庆400030 [3]重庆大学资源及环境科学学院,重庆400030

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2015年第5期1587-1593,共7页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51179214)资助

摘　　要：壶穴是河流生态系统中的特殊生境之一,具有结构简单、边界明确、食物链简短、生境易控制等特点,常被作为生态学理论、进化理论和生物气候学等相关研究的模式系统.本文概述了山地河流壶穴的生境特点(水文、理化性质)、生物群落(生物多样性、环境因子)、食物链(竞争、捕食、寄生等)等,分析了壶穴生态系统与河流生态系统在水文特征、生物群落和食物链等方面的差异,指出了我国对壶穴的水文特征、理化性质、食物链以及环境因子对壶穴内生物多样性和功能群影响的研究尚存在不足或空白,最后提出了壶穴生态系统未来研究的方向和建议.The pothole is one of the special habitats in river ecosystems,which is simply structured,well-defined,food chain-short,and easily controlled,thus making it a model system in ecological,evolutionary and phenological studies. Here we first reviewed hydrological,chemical and physical characteristics of potholes,their biological community（ biodiversity,environmental factors） as well as food chain（ competition,predation and parasitism） in mountain rivers. The differences between pothole ecosystems and river ecosystems in hydrological characteristics,biological community and food-chain were analyzed. Hydrological,physical chemical,and ecological characteristics of potholes were largely unexplored in China. Finally,we suggested future directions and recommendations in pothole ecosystems.

关 键 词：壶穴 生境 模式系统 山地河流 

分 类 号：Q148[生物学—生态学]