蓖麻种子吸水和萌发过程对盐分胁迫条件的响应  

Responses of Water Uptake Process and Germination of Castor Seeds to Salinity Stress

作　　者：翟富燕[1,2] 陆世渊[1,2] 刘贵娟[1] Nimir Nimir 周桂生[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]扬州大学江苏省作物遗传生理重点实验室,江苏扬州225009 [2]扬州大学农业部长江中下游作物生理生态栽培重点实验室,江苏扬州225009 [3]喀土穆大学农学院,喀土穆苏丹11115

出　　处：《核农学报》2015年第5期1018-1023,共6页Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31171483);教育部留学回国人员基金项目(2011)

摘　　要：为确定盐分对蓖麻的影响,设置0 m M和100 m M 2个盐分浓度Na Cl,研究了4个蓖麻品种种子的吸水和萌发特性。在吸水开始的18 h内,种子吸水快速增加,18 h后增加缓慢,48 h后在0 m M Na Cl水平下种子吸水呈快速增加趋势,而在100 m M Na Cl水平下吸水很少。汾蓖10号和淄蓖7号的吸水量和吸水速率显著高于淄蓖5号和淄蓖8号。与0 m M Na Cl相比,同一品种在100 m M Na Cl下的吸水量和吸水速率明显较低。100m M Na Cl处理对种子萌发具有明显的抑制作用,表现为延迟种子萌发,降低发芽率,抑制芽长和芽粗。综合发芽率、芽长和芽粗相对盐害率,淄蓖5号耐盐能力最强,其次是汾蓖10号,淄蓖7号和淄蓖8号耐盐能力相对较差。本试验通过研究不同蓖麻品种的吸水和萌发特性,为采用外源措施提高种子吸水能力,促进种子萌发和出苗奠定基础。A laboratory controlled study was done to investigate the effects of different salinity levels （0 and 100 mM NaCl） on water uptake process and germination of the seeds of four cuhivars of castor bean （Ricinus communis L. ）. The water uptake of castor seeds increased rapidly during the 18 h after water uptake, decreased from 18 to 48 h after water uptake. After 48 h after water uptake, water uptake of non-saline treated seeds increased rapidly again, while water uptake of the seeds treated with 100 mM NaCl was maintained at a very low level. The water uptake amount and rate were significantly higher in Fenbi 10 and Zibi 7 than those in Zibi 5 and Zibi 8. Compared with 0 mM NaCI, water uptake amount and rate were significantly lower at the 100 mM NaCl level. The salinity level of 100 mM NaCl significantly inhibited germination by retarding germination, decreasing germination percentage, and hampering the length and diameter of sprouts. Based on the analyses of relative salinity injury rate, Zibi 8 is highly tolerant, followed by Fenbi 10, Zibi 7 and Zibi 8. Under saline stress conditions, the low water uptake amount and rate at the initial phase was an important inducement inhibiting germination and water uptake during seed germination. The study was conducted to investigate the characteristics of water uptake and germination of castor seeds and to provide a solid base for the application of foreign amendment to improve water uptake, germination, and emergence of castor seeds.

关 键 词：蓖麻 吸水 盐分胁迫 种子萌发 

分 类 号：S565.6[农业科学—作物学]