我国成人环境暴露佩戴口罩行为模式调查  

Survey of environmental exposure-related wearing masks behavior patterns in Chinese adults

作　　者：聂静[1,2] 段小丽[1] 王贝贝[1] 赵秀阁[1] 黄楠[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国环境科学研究院环境基准和风险评估国家重点实验室,北京100012 [2]中国农业大学资源与环境学院

出　　处：《环境与健康杂志》2015年第3期234-236,共3页Journal of Environment and Health

基　　金：环境保护部项目[EH(2011)-07-01];国家环保公益性行业科研专项(201109064)

摘　　要：目的了解我国居民佩戴口罩行为模式。方法基于我国居民环境暴露行为模式研究,于2011—2012年对全国31个省、自治区、直辖市159个监测点的91 121名调查对象进行佩戴口罩行为模式的问卷调查。结果我国有16.05%的居民佩戴口罩,其中城市为17.42%,农村为14.89%,男女分别为3.89%、12.16%。西北地区比例最高(34.21%);其次为东北地区(22.33%);华北地区为16.23%,西南地区为12.37%,华东地区为12.35%,华南地区最低(7.00%)。戴口罩主要原因为防寒,约占13.29%;其次是为抵御空气污染,约占4.45%。农民戴口罩比例最高(7.01%)。结论我国成人佩戴口罩存在地域、城乡、性别和职业差异,在进行空气环境健康风险评估中应给予考虑。Objective To know the environmental exposure-related wearing masks behavior patterns of Chinese adults.Methods Based on the questionnaire of Chinese Environmental Exposure-Related Human Activity Patterns Survey（Adults）（CEERHAPS-A） in residents of 31 provinces,autonomous regions and municipalities,a nationwide questionnaire survey on wearing masks behavior patterns among 91 121 respondents from 159 monitoring points was carried out.Results There were16.05% of Chinese adults wore masks,17.42% in urban areas and 14.89% in rural areas.The percent of female（22.25%）wearing masks was higher than male（8.57%）.Northwest China had the highest percentage（34.21%）,followed by northeast China（22.33%） and north China（16.23%）,southwest China（12.37%） was close to east China（12.35%）,south China was the lowest（7.00%）.The main reasons of wearing masks were cold（13.29%） and to resist air pollution（4.45%）.The percent of peasants（7.01%） wearing masks was the highest.Conclusion There are regional,urban and rural,gender and occupation differences in wearing mask behavior patterns in Chinese adults,which should be considered in health risk assessment of air pollution.

关 键 词：口罩 呼吸暴露 行为模式 环境健康风险评估 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学]