热带印度洋与全球大气相互作用的信息传输特征分析  

Characteristics of Information Transfer of Interaction between the Tropical Indian Ocean and Global Atmosphere

作　　者：张志森[1] 龚志强[2] 叶天舒[1] 颜鹏程[1] 封国林[2] 

机构地区：[1]兰州大学大气科学学院,兰州730000 [2]国家气候中心,中国气象局气候研究开放实验室,北京100081

出　　处：《大气科学》2015年第3期461-473,共13页Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目41175067;41205040;公益性行业(气象)科研专项GYHY201306021;国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)项目2013CB430204

摘　　要：基于气象场信息源汇概念和定义方法,使用海表温度(SST)和位势高度场(GH)资料计算热带印度洋和全球大气相互作用过程中的信息传递,给出了热带印度洋(20°S^20°N,50°E^100°E)与热带地区、北半球和南半球大气之间的信息传递的区域分布特征,并分析热带印度洋与大气相互作用中信息传递特征的季节差异和年代际变化。研究结果表明,热带印度洋信息源主要分布在(10°S^10°N,60°E^90°E)的区域内,北半球和南半球大气信息汇均呈现显著的带状分布,且主要分布在中纬度地区,而热带地区的大气信息汇则主要分布于热带中东太平洋上空。热带印度洋对处在冬半年的半球的影响更强,不同季节下热带印度洋与大气相互作用中的信息源汇证实了这一可能性。同时,热带印度洋与大气之间的信息传递特征在20世纪70年代末期的年代际气候转型前后南北半球的变化不太一致:北半球大气对热带印度洋的响应存在不同程度的减弱,南半球则存在不同程度的增强。In this study, information transfer of the interaction between the tropical Indian Ocean and global atmosphere is examined by using sea surface temperature and geopotential height based on the definition of source/sink information. Information transfer between the tropical Indian Ocean （20°S-20°N, 50°E-100°E） and atmosphere in the tropics, Northern Hemisphere, and Southern Hemisphere is analyzed, and regional characteristics are indicated. In addition, decadal changes and seasonal differences of information transfer between the tropical Indian Ocean and atmosphere are discussed. Essentially, the ocean information source is mainly in an area between 10°S-10°N and 60°E-90°E, and the atmosphere information sink is mainly in mid-latitude, zonal distribution in both hemispheres. The atmosphere information sink in the tropics is mainly in the lower troposphere. The distribution of source/sink information in the interaction between the tropical Indian Ocean and atmosphere in different seasons shows that the atmosphere response is stronger in the winter hemisphere to the tropical Indian. Accompanied by the interdecadal shift of the large-scale general circulation pattern in the late 1970s, the changes in information transfer between the tropical ocean and atmosphere in the Northern and Southern hemispheres are opposite, i.e., the Northern Hemisphere strengthens, and the Southern Hemisphere weakens.

关 键 词：海表温度 海气相互作用 信息源/汇 季节差异 年代际变化 

分 类 号：P461[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]