日本囊对虾耐热性状及其与凡纳滨对虾、脊尾白虾的比较  

Thermal tolerance of Marsupenaeus japonicus compared with that of Litopenaeus vannamei and Exopalaemon carinicauda

作　　者：李丽君[1] 宋晓红[1] 林瑶琼 钟声平[1] 乔莹[1] 毛勇[1] 苏永全[1] 王军[1] 

机构地区：[1]厦门大学海洋与地球学院,福建厦门361005

出　　处：《中国水产科学》2015年第3期418-425,共8页Journal of Fishery Sciences of China

基　　金：国家虾产业技术体系岗位专家项目(CARS-47);厦门市南方海洋中心项目(14CZY033HJ07);福建省海洋高新产业发展专项项目(闽海洋高新[2014]12号)

摘　　要：为构建日本囊对虾（Marsupenaeus japonicus）耐高温性状的评价体系,全面了解日本囊对虾的耐热性状,本研究首先采用耐热性（upper thermal tolerance,UTT）作为评定指标,开展不同规格日本囊对虾耐热性状的分析;进一步结合临界温度法（critical thermal methodology,CTM）将日本囊对虾与脊尾白虾（Exopalaemon carinicauda）、凡纳滨对虾（Litopenaeus vannamei）进行了耐热性状的种间比较。结果显示：（1）不同大小的日本囊对虾个体之间耐热性（UTT）存在差异,其体重与耐热性之间呈负相关,相关系数为-0.142（P〈0.05）,特别是日本囊对虾仔虾（0.01 g）耐热性显著高于较大规格（1～5 g）的日本囊对虾（P〈0.05）;（2）受高温刺激,3种虾表现出不同的应激行为,凡纳滨对虾的开始死亡温度与死亡高峰温度最高,日本囊对虾次之,脊尾白虾最低;（3）3种虾的耐热性状存在明显差异,凡纳滨对虾的平均UTT值最高,日本囊对虾次之,脊尾白虾的最低（P〈0.01）;（4）凡纳滨对虾的临界高温（critical thermal maximum,CTMax）最高,日本囊对虾次之,脊尾白虾最低（P〈0.05）,即与UTT的比较结果一致。本研究为日本囊对虾耐高温品系选育提供了基础科学依据。Relatively high mortality has become a problem during Marsupenaeusjaponicus culture in the summer in southern China. Thus, it is necessary to evaluate the thermal tolerance of M. japonicus. The upper thermal tol- erance trait （UTT） was determined to evaluate thermal tolerance of different sizes of M. japonicus. We combined the UTT with critical thermal methodology to compare thermal tolerance among three species, such as M. japoni- cus, Exopalaemon carinicauda, and Litopenaeus vannamei. We observed their behavior under gradually changing temperature and compared the lethal index. A correlation analysis revealed a correlation coefficient of-0.142 be- tween body weight and the UTT of M. japonicus. The UTT of juveniles （〈0.01 g） was significantly higher than that of the group weighing 1-5 g （P〈0.05）. The three species responded differently to high temperature： tempera- tures for initial mortality and climax mortality ofL. vannamei were highest, whereas those for E. carinicauda were the lowest. The mean UTT and critical thermal maximum of L. vannamei were highest, followed by those of M. japonicus and E. carinicauda （P〈0.05）. In conclusion, the thermal tolerance ofM. japonicus was lower than that of L. vannamei but higher than that of E. carinicauda. These results are important data for a comprehensive understanding of M. japonicus thermal tolerance and have practical applications for selecting high-temperature resistant strains.

关 键 词：日本囊对虾 相关分析 凡纳滨对虾 脊尾白虾 耐热性 种间比较 育种 

分 类 号：S917[农业科学—水产科学]