南京大报恩寺遗址塔基与地宫发掘简报  

The Excavation of the Pagoda Foundation and Underground Palace of the Grand Bao' en Temple in Nanjing

作　　者：黄秝人 王泉 雷雨 董补顺 张建国 王海 熊其亮 沈利华 祁海宁 龚巨平 周保华 

机构地区：[1]南京市考古研究所

出　　处：《文物》2015年第5期4-52,F0003,共50页Cultural Relics

摘　　要：大报恩寺遗址位于南京市主城正南门外的古长干里地区。2007年2月至2010年底,南京市考古研究所对遗址北区进行了发掘,发掘面积3.6万平方米,基本廓清了遗址北区明代主要建筑和总体布局。在遗址北区中轴线上发现了一座塔基,其中心有一开口为圆形的地宫,其后又在塔基内发现两个灰坑及在塔基外发现围绕塔基分布的46个柱坑。本次发掘在地宫清理出"佛顶真骨"舍利、七宝阿育王塔等大量佛教文物。根据出土的《金陵长干寺真身塔藏舍利石函记》可知,此地宫为建于北宋大中祥符四年(1011年)的长干寺真身塔地宫。大报恩寺遗址塔基与地宫是我国佛教考古的又一次重大发现,地宫中出土的大量佛教文物极为珍贵,为今后的相关研究提供了重要的实物资料。The site of the Grand Bao＇en Temple is located in the ancient Changganli outside the middle south gate of the Nanjing City. From February 2007 to the end of 2010, Nanjing Municipal Institute of Archaeolo- gy conducted excavations to the north zone of the site, by which 3.6 ha of the remains were uncovered, and the main architectures and general layout of the north zone were made clear. During the excavation, a pago- da foundation located on the central axis of the north zone of the site was revealed; in the center of the pago- da foundation, an underground palace with a circular mouth was found. Later, two ash pits were found in the pagoda foundation, and 46 column base pits were recovered on the periphery of the pagoda foundation. From the underground palace, the ＂Buddha＇s parietal hone＂ sarira, jewelry-adorned silver Asoka Stupa and other Buddhist cultural relics were unearthed. According to the text of The Inscription of the Stone Crtpt of the Reed Buddha Remauns Pagoda at Changgan Temple in this underground palace was that of the ＂Zhenshen Ta Jinling unearthed from this underground palace, （Real Buddha Remains Pagoda）＂ built in the fourth year of the Dazhongxiangfu Era （1011） of the Northern Song Dynasty. The pagoda foundation and underground palace of the Grand Bao＇en Temple are new important discoveries of the Buddhist archaeology of China, and the large amount of Buddhist cultural relics unearthed from them are very valuable, which provided important physical materials for the researches in all of the relevant disciplines.

关 键 词：大报恩寺遗址 塔基 长干寺 舍利石函 阿育王塔 鎏金银 长干里 发掘面积 发掘简报 大中祥符 

分 类 号：K878.6[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]