非发酵菌感染在某医院ICU分布及耐药特点  

Species distribution and antibiotic resistance of non-fermentative bacteria from patients in ICU of a hospital

作　　者：郭燕菊[1] 陈倩[1] 王茹[1] 王会中[1] 

机构地区：[1]解放军第305医院,北京100017

出　　处：《中国消毒学杂志》2015年第6期554-555,558,共3页Chinese Journal of Disinfection

摘　　要：目的 研究重症监护病房（ICU）患者非发酵菌感染分布特点及耐药情况,为科学选择抗菌药物提供参考依据。方法 采用回顾性调查方法,对某医院ICU患者送检标本非发酵菌及药敏试验结果进行统计分析。结果 该医院ICU在两年内从住院患者送检病原学标本中共分离非发酵菌220株,包括鲍曼不动杆菌和铜绿假单胞菌等5种细菌。其中鲍曼不动杆菌和铜绿假单胞菌构成比分别为51.82%和41.82%,分居前2位。临床分离的非发酵菌对多种常用抗菌药物有不同程度耐药,对氨苄西林、头孢曲松和头孢替坦全部耐药,对亚胺培南和氨曲南耐药率为80%～100%。结论 该医院ICU患者标本分离的非发酵菌种类多,耐药严重,根据药敏结果选用抗菌药物和加强实时监控为主要防控措施。Objective To investigate the species distribution and antibiotic resistance of non - fermentative bacteria isola- ted from patients in the intensive care unit （ICU） of a hospital and to provide a reference for reasonable use of antibiot- ics. Methods Retrospective investigation was performed among the patients in ICU of our hospital to statistically analyze the non - fermentative bacteria isolated from specimens and the drug susceptibility test results. Results A total of 220 strains of non - fermentative bacteria were isolated from the specimens of inpatients in the ICU within two years, including Acinetobacter baumannii （51.82%） and Pseudomonas aeruginosa（ 41. 82% ） ,as well as the other three species of bacteri- a. The clinically isolated non - fermentative bacteria developed varying degrees of resistance to commonly used antibiot- ics. The drug resistance rates to ampicillin, ceftriaxone, and cefotetan were 100%, and the drug resistance rates to imipenem and aztreonam were 80% - 100%. Conclusion Various non - fermentative bacteria are isolated from the specimens of pa- tients in the ICU of this hospital, and they have considerable resistance to commonly used antibiotics. The major control measure is to select antibiotics according to the drug susceptibility test results and to strengthen real -time monitoring.

关 键 词：重症监护病房 非发酵菌 耐药性 医院感染 防控措施 

分 类 号：R378[医药卫生—病原生物学]