女性生殖道厌氧菌感染及体外抗生素抗菌活性的分析  

Analysis on anaerobic infection of female genital tract and antibacterial activity of antibiotics in vitro

作　　者：湛学军 谢大泽 舒向荣[2] 汤幽[3] 周南进 戴革 

机构地区：[1]江西省医学科学研究院江西省医学免疫与生物治疗重点实验室,江西南昌330019 [2]江西省妇幼保健院检验科 [3]南昌大学萍乡医院检验科

出　　处：《中国妇幼保健》2015年第17期2788-2791,共4页Maternal and Child Health Care of China

基　　金：江西省卫生厅中医处科研计划基金资助项目〔2012A121〕

摘　　要：目的:了解该地区妇产科厌氧菌感染的优势菌群及其对抗生素的敏感谱,为临床合理使用抗生素提供依据。方法:采用厌氧培养法分离培养女性生殖道感染病例的厌氧菌,采用微量生化反应法及抗生素纸片法鉴定厌氧菌的种类,采用K-B法及微量肉汤稀释法分析抗生素对厌氧菌的抗菌活性。结果:103例临床标本中,分离出专性厌氧菌72株,阳性率69.90%。优势厌氧菌菌群为革兰氏阴性无芽孢类杆菌(28株,38.89%),其次为消化链球菌(18株,25.00%)。厌氧球菌、类杆菌及韦荣球菌对甲硝唑的敏感率分别为90.91%、85.71%和80.00%。3种厌氧菌对丁胺卡那霉素、红霉素和克林霉素的耐药率均高于60%。比较3种厌氧菌对甲硝唑、青霉素G和林可霉素的MIC50值及MIC90值,发现甲硝唑的MIC50值和MIC90值最低。结论:厌氧菌已成为女性生殖道感染的重要致病菌。虽然甲硝唑在体外对临床分离的厌氧菌菌株显示出良好的抗菌活性,但已经出现了耐药菌株,其对厌氧菌的MIC值有不同程度的上升趋势。Objective： To understand the predominant anaerobic bacteria and antibiotic sensitivity spectrum in Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics in the region, provide scientific evidence for reasonable antibiotics use. Methods： Anaerobic culture method was used to culture and isolate anaerobes in female patients with genital tract infection. The species of anaerobes were identified by micro-bio- chemistry reaction and antibiotic-disc susceptibility test. The antibacterial activity of antibiotics to anaerobes was analyzed by Kirby-Bauer method and mini broth dilution susceptibility test. Results： Among 103 clinical specimens, 72 obligate anaerobes strains were isolated, the positive rate was 69. 90%. The predominant anaerobe was Gram negative Bacteridium （28 strains, 38.89% ）, followed by Peptostreptococcus （18 strains, 25.00% ） . The sensitivity rates of Anaerobic cocci, Bacteroides, and Veillonella to metronidazole were 90. 91%, 85.71%, and 80. 00%, respectively. The sensitivity rates of Anaerobic cocci, Bacteroides, and Veillonella to amikacin, erythrocin, and clindamycin were higher than 60%. Among metronidazole, penicillin G, and lineomycin, MICs0 and MICgo values of Anaerobic cocci, Bacteroides, and Veillonella to metronidazole were the lowest. Conclusion： Anaerobes are the major pathogenic bacteria of female genital tract infection. Although the antibacterial activity of metronidazole to clinical isolated anaerobes in vitro is good, drug resistant strains already appear, MIC values of metronidazole to anaerobes increase at differed levels.

关 键 词：厌氧菌感染 女性生殖道 抗菌活性 

分 类 号：R69[医药卫生—泌尿科学]