葡萄球菌属的临床分布与耐药性分析  

Clinical distribution and drug resistance analysis of Staphylococcus

作　　者：李宗良[1] 赖春颜[1] 梁敏锋[1] 马均宝[1] 

机构地区：[1]佛山市第一人民医院感染科,广东佛山528000

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2015年第12期2684-2686,共3页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

基　　金：佛山市科技发展专项基金资助项目(201008036)

摘　　要：目的了解葡萄球菌属的临床分布及其对抗菌药物的耐药性,为临床治疗提供依据。方法收集2011年1月-2012年12月门诊及住院患者送检的各种标本,按《全国临床检验操作规程》要求对菌株进行分离培养,采用法国生物梅里埃公司的VITEK-2型全自动细菌分析系统及药敏检测卡进行细菌鉴定及药敏试验,应用WHONET5.5软件对数据进行统计分析。结果从各类临床标本中共分离出葡萄球菌属1 339株,其中金黄色葡萄球菌706株占52.73%、表皮葡萄球菌501株占37.42%、溶血葡萄球菌56株占4.18%;葡萄球菌属主要分离自创面、痰液、血液,分别占32.56%、23.15%、19.34%;MRSA检出率为25.35%、MRCNS检出率为70.14%;葡萄球菌属对青霉素G的耐药率高达91.11%、对红霉素、苯唑西林、头孢西丁的耐药率分别达62.51%、46.53%、46.53%,未发现耐万古霉素、替加环素、利奈唑胺和喹奴普汀/达福普汀葡萄球菌。结论葡萄球菌属的耐药性有较大差异,临床治疗应以药敏试验为依据。OBJECTIVE To explore the clinical distribution and drug resistance of Staphylococcus ,so as to provide reference for clinical treatment .METHODS Various specimens were collected form outpatients and inpatients from Jan .2011 to Dec .2012 and strains from the various clinical specimens were isolated and cultured .The VITEK‐2 full‐automatic bacterial identifier （Biomerieux ,France） and the susceptibility test card were used for bacterial identification and susceptibility test .The statistical analysis was conducted with the software WHONET 5 .5 . RESULTS A total of 1339 strains of Staphylococcus were isolated from clinical specimens .The most predominant species were Staphylococcus aureus （706 strains ,52 .73% ） ,S .epidermidis （501 strains ,37 .42% ） and S .hae‐molyticus （56 strains ,4 .18% ） . The Staphylococcus strains were mainly from wounds （32 .56% ） , sputum （23 .15% ） and blood （19 .34% ） . The detection rates of MRSA and MRCNS were 25 .35% and 70 .14% , respectively .The resistance rate of Staphylococcus was 91 .11% to penicillin G and was 62 .51% ,46 .53% , 46 .53% to erythromycin , oxacillin , cefoxitin , respectively . No strains were found resistant to vancomycin , tigecycline ,linezolid ,and quinupristin/dalfopristin .CONCLUSION The drug resistances varied among Staphylo‐coccus strains ,the clinical treatment should be rationally given according to susceptibility test results .

关 键 词：葡萄球菌属 临床分布 耐药性 抗菌药物 

分 类 号：R378.11[医药卫生—病原生物学]