妇产科医院感染患者病原菌特点与耐药性分析  

Distribution and drug resistance of pathogens causing nosocomial infections in patients of obstetrics and gynecology department

作　　者：杨柳[1] 李鹏宇[1] 宁静[1] 贾静辉[2] 王鲁君[3] 徐丽[3] 高珍珍[4] 

机构地区：[1]武警北京总队医院检验科,北京100027 [2]空军总医院妇产科,北京100142 [3]武警总医院药剂科,北京100039 [4]武警总医院妇产科,北京100039

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2015年第12期2846-2847,2853,共3页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(31270113)

摘　　要：目的研究妇产科医院感染患者病原菌特点及耐药性,为合理使用抗菌药物提供依据。方法回顾性分析医院2010年1月-2014年12月收治的2 997例妇产科患者临床资料,分离感染病原菌并进行药敏试验,数据均采用SPSS17.0软件进行处理。结果 2 997例妇产科患者中135例发生医院感染,感染率为4.50%;主要感染部位为呼吸道58例占42.96%、泌尿道46例占34.07%、消化道16例占11.85%、切口15例占11.11%;感染患者共分离176株病原菌,其中革兰阳性菌44株占25.00%、革兰阴性菌105株占59.66%、真菌27株占15.34%;检出铜绿假单胞菌及大肠埃希菌对头孢唑林耐药率分别为74.07%及71.43%。结论妇产科患者医院感染病原菌以革兰阴性菌为主,其耐药性较高,应选择合适的抗菌药物进行治疗,为临床减少医院感染提供参考。OBJECTIVE To explore the distribution and drug resistance of the pathogens causing nosocomial infections in the patients of obstetrics and gynecology department so as to provide guidance for reasonable use of antibiotics .METHODS The clinical data of 2 997 patients who were treated in the obstetrics and gynecology department from Jan 2010 to Dec 2014 were retrospectively analyzed ,then the drug susceptibility testing was carried out for the isolated pathogens ,and the statistical analysis of the data was performed by using SPSS17 .0 software .RESULTS The nosocomial infections occurred in 135 of 2 997 patients of obstetrics and gynecology department ,with the infection rate of 4 .50% .Of the patients with nosocomial infections ,58 （42 .96% ） patients had the respiratory tract infections , 46 （34 .07% ） had the urinary tract infections , 16 （11 .85% ） had the gastrointestinal tract infections ,and 15 （11 .11% ） had the incision infections .A total of 176 strains of pathogens have been isolated from the patients with infections ,including 44 （25 .00% ） strains of gram‐positive bacteria ,105 （59 .66% ） strains of gram‐negative bacteria ,and 27 （15 .34% ） strains of fungi .The drug resistance rates of the isolated Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli strains to cefazolin were 74 .07% and 71 .43% , respectively .CONCLUSION The gram‐negative bacteria are dominant among the pathogens causing the nosocomial infections in the patients of the obstetrics and gynecology department and are highly drug‐resistant .It is necessary to reasonably use antibiotics for the treatment so as to reduce the incidence of the nosocomial infections .

关 键 词：妇产科 医院感染 病原菌 耐药性 

分 类 号：R378[医药卫生—病原生物学]