强制爱国:“百分之百美国主义”下的德裔移民  

Coercive Patriotism:German Immigrants and "One Hundred Percent Americanism"

作　　者：伍斌[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北师范大学历史文化学院美国研究所

出　　处：《世界历史》2015年第3期40-49,158,共10页World History

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费资助课题<中西文明历史经验中的公共社会价值观研究>的阶段性成果

摘　　要：第一次世界大战前期,德裔移民对母国的支持招致了美国主流社会的普遍反感,由"模范族裔"转变为潜在的乃至可见的威胁群体。极端移民族裔同化理论"百分之百美国主义"应时而生,并获得美国民众的广泛支持。作为其实践的"百分之百美国化"运动直接而彻底地指向了德裔移民。在这一进程中,德裔移民的宪法权利不但遭到无视,甚至连基本的人权也被践踏,美国的德国文化因此遭受重创。这也说明,在一向标榜自由和民主价值观的美国,其公民权利还是存在很大的相对性和局限性。At the beginning of WWI,the support of German immigrants for their motherland incurred a widespread repulsion of mainstream American society,who had formerly viewed German-Americans as an exemplary group of immigrants.The extreme theory of 'One Hundred Percent Americanism' was widely accepted,and German immigrants became direct victims of its practice.Their constitutional rights were ignored,and fundamental human rights were even trampled.It not only severely damaged the subsistence of German culture in the U.S.,but also reflected the relativity and limitation of civil rights in a country where the notion of freedom and democracy prevailed.

关 键 词：美国主义 德裔美国人 移民同化 第一次世界大战 

分 类 号：K712.5[历史地理—历史学]