江汉平原地方性砷中毒病区地下水砷含量变化及沉积物砷化学特征研究  

Study on the variation of arsenic concentration in groundwater and chemical characteristics of arsenic in sediment cores at the areas with endemic arsenic poison disease in Jianghan Plain

作　　者：周素华[1] 叶恒朋[2] 李明健[1] 熊培生[1] 杜冬云[2] 王靖文[2] 

机构地区：[1]湖北省疾病预防控制中心,武汉430079 [2]中南民族大学

出　　处：《中华流行病学杂志》2015年第6期556-560,共5页Chinese Journal of Epidemiology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金（41203056）;湖北省自然科学基金（2010CDZ045）

摘　　要：了解江汉平原地方性砷中毒（地砷病）病区地下水砷含量变化,探讨该区域高砷水赋存环境、地下水系统砷的来源.方法 在湖北省仙桃市和洪湖市分别以地砷病患者家为中心点,在3km半径内各采集30份地下水样品和3个地质钻孔沉积物样芯;水砷含量比较采用配对t检验或配对符号秩和检验进行分析.结果 仙桃市南洪村2011-2012年水砷浓度低于2006-2007年（t=4.645 3,P＜0.000 1）,洪湖市姚河村2011-2012年水砷浓度高于2006-2007年（S=-150,P＜0.000 1）;高砷水呈弱酸、弱氧化性,水砷浓度与水样C1-、HCO3-、Fe、Mn浓度正相关,与水样SO42-、NO3-浓度负相关;研究区沉积物中砷浓度为1.500- 17.289mg/kg,砷含量最大值均出现在泥土层,最小值均出现在沙层.结论 江汉平原地砷病病区高砷水砷含量的时空间变化程度较大,与中国山西大同盆地、山阴地区、内蒙古河套平原等原生高砷水地区有明显差异,为典型的高砷水赋存环境;研究区沉积物样品中砷含量与岩性结构有密切关系。Objective To understand the variation of arsenic concentration in underground water at the endemic arsenic poison disease area of Jianghan Plain so as to better understand the spatial distribution of high arsenic groundwater,hydro-chemical evolution and source of arsenic in this region.Methods Thirty underground water samples were collected respectively around 3 km radius of the two houses where arsenic poisoning patients lived,in Xiantao and Honghu.Sediment cores of three drillings were collected as well.Both paired t-test or paired Wilcoxon Signed Ranking Test were used to compare the arsenic concentration of water.Results The arsenic concentration in 2011-2012 appeared lower than that in 2006-2007 at the Nanhong village of Xiantao （t=4.645 3,P〈0.000 1）,but was higher（S=-150,P〈0.000 1） in the Yaohe village of Honghu.The pH value showed weak acidity with Eh as weak oxidated.Positive correlations were observed between arsenic concentration and C1,HCO3-,Fe,Mn.However,negative correlations were found between As and SO42-,NO3-.The range of arsenic content in the sediment was 1.500 mg/kg to 17.289 mg/kg.The maximum arsenic content existed in the soil layer,while the minimum arsenic content existed in the sand layer.Conclusion The concentration of arsenic varied widely with time and space at endemic arsenic poison disease area of Jianghan Plain.Characteristics of these water chemicals showed significant differences,when compared to the groundwater from Datong Basin,Shanxi Shanyin and Hetao Plain of Inner Mongolia,which presented a typical environment with high arsenic contents in the groundwater.The arsenic content in the sediment samples seemed related to the lithologic structure.

关 键 词：地方性砷中毒 地下水 沉积物 江汉平原 

分 类 号：R599.1[医药卫生—内科学]