北方蚕区89份桑种质资源的ISSR标记遗传多样性分析  

Analysis of Genetic Diversity of 89 Mulberry Germ plasm Resources in the Northern Sericultural Regions Using ISSR Markers

作　　者：陈仁芳[1] 刘玲[1] 钱永华[2] 苏超[2] 陈祥平 范小敏 柯皓天 

机构地区：[1]西南大学生物技术学院,重庆400716 [2]西北农林科技大学蚕桑丝绸研究所,陕西杨凌710400 [3]四川省丝绸工程技术研究中心,成都610031

出　　处：《蚕业科学》2015年第3期410-416,共7页ACTA SERICOLOGICA SINICA

基　　金：四川省科技计划项目(No.2013NZ0048)

摘　　要：利用ISSR分子标记技术,对我国北方蚕区保存的89份桑种质资源的遗传多样性进行分析,为桑树的遗传改良和分子标记辅助育种提供基础信息。用筛选的具有多态性的11个ISSR引物对89份桑种质资源的基因组DNA进行PCR,共扩增出迁移率（分子质量）不同的DNA条带127条,其中多态性条带为125条,多态性比率达98.43%。89份桑种质资源之间存在较高的基因变异：平均观察等位基因数（na）为1.984 3,平均有效等位基因数（ne）为1.591 9,平均Nei＇s基因多样性指数（h）为0.345 6,平均Shannon＇s信息指数（I）为0.516 6。89份桑种质资源的遗传相似度在0.228 3~0.990 0之间,遗传距离在0.030 1~1.447 0之间。基于遗传距离的聚类分析显示,来自我国新疆地区和俄罗斯、乌克兰的地方品种资源聚为一支,来自山东、陕西地区的品种资源各自聚为一支,来自山西、河北地区的地方品种资源聚为一支,4份野生桑资源聚为一支。Arlequin3.5.1.3软件的AMOVA分析显示,89份桑种质资源的遗传变异固定指数（FST）=0.545 36,群体间的遗传变异率为54.54%,群体内的遗传变异率为45.46%（P〈0.001）,群体之间的基因交流属中等。In this study, the genetic diversity of 89 mulberry germplasm resources preserved in the northern sericultural regions of China was investigated by ISSR （inter-simple sequence repeat） molecular marker to provide basic information for mulberry genetic improvement and molecular marker-assisted breeding. Totally 127 bands with different mobility （mo- lecular weight） were amplified from the genomic DNA of 89 mulberry germplasm materials using 11 screened polymor- phic ISSR primers, and there were 125 polymorphic bands with a percentage of polymorphic band of 98.43%. The 89 mulberry germplasm resources had relatively high genetic diversity with the average observed number of alleles （na） of 1. 984 3, the average effective number of alleles （ne） of 1. 591 9, the average Nei＇s gene diversity （h） of 0. 345 6, and the average Shannon＇s information index （I） of 0. 516 6. The genetic identity between 89 mulberry germplasm resources ranged from 0. 228 3 to 0. 9900, and the genetic distance was changed from 0. 030 1 to 1. 447 0. Cluster analysis based on genetic distance showed that the local variety resources from Xinjiang, Russian and Ukraine formed a clade, the variberry gemplasm resources was 0. 545 36, the genetic variation rate between and within clustering populations was 54.54% and 45.46% respectively （ P〈0. 001 ）, indicating a medium level of gene flow among them.

关 键 词：桑树种质资源 北方蚕区 栽培品种 野生资源 遗传多样性 简单重复序列间区 

分 类 号：S888.3[农业科学—特种经济动物饲养] Q941[农业科学—畜牧兽医]