黄海海雾天气特征与逆温层成因分析  

Analysis on the Synoptic Characteristics and Inversion Layer Formation of the Yellow Sea Fogs

作　　者：杨悦[1] 高山红[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学物理海洋教育部重点实验室山东省高校海洋-大气相互作用与气候重点实验室,山东青岛266100

出　　处：《中国海洋大学学报（自然科学版）》2015年第6期19-30,共12页Periodical of Ocean University of China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41276009)资助

摘　　要：基于日本气象厅Multi-functional Transport Satellite（MTSAT）可见光卫星云图、韩国气象局天气图和美国国家环境预报中心Climate Forecast System Reanalysis（CFSR）数据,选取2007-2012年2～6月发生的32次黄海海雾个例进行研究.首先统计分析了黄海海雾的天气特征,接着归纳总结了有利于黄海海雾生成的天气系统类型,进而分别挑选了各类型的一次个例,解释其海上大气逆温层成因.结果表明：（1）黄海海雾天气系统可分为入海变性高压（南高北低、东高西低和独立高压）、中国大陆东移低压或低槽、北太平洋高压脊和入西太平洋高压4类,各自所占比例约为62.5％、21.9％、9.4％和6.2％.（2）天气系统控制下的冷暖平流与海面湍流冷却作用决定了海上大气逆温层的形成.海雾生成前,天气系统在演变过程中支配着形成逆温的暖气团,暖气团来源于陆上,则主要是上层强暖平流、下层弱暖（冷）平流导致逆温;暖气团来源于海上,则多由近冷海面的湍流混合、冷却降温形成逆温.Based on Multi-functional Transport Satellite （MTSAT） visible satellite imagery of the Japan Meteorological Agency （JMA）,synoptic charts from the Korea Meteorological Administration （KMA） and Climate Forecast System Reanalysis （CFSR） of National Centers for Environmental Prediction （NCEP）,32 cases of the Yellow sea fogs that occurred during February to June from 2007 to 2012 are chosen and studied.The synoptic characteristics are statistically analyzed,the favorable synoptic systems of the Yellow Sea fogs are summed up,and then one case of each type are selected to clarify the formation of corresponding inversion layer in marine atmosphere.The results are outlined as：（1） Favorable synoptic systems for sea fog over the Yellow Sea can be classified into 4 types that includes transition high to sea （high in the south and low in the north,high in the east and low in the west,isolated high）,low or trough of the eastern China,the North Pacific ridge and high to the Western Pacific.Their percentages are 62.5％,21.9％,9.4％ and 6.2％,respectively.（2） Cold and warm advection controlled by synoptic systems and near sea surface turbulence mixing jointly dominates the formation of inversion layer in marine atmosphere prior to sea fogs occurrence.If warm air mass comes from land,the inversion is usually produced by the structure with upper warm advection and lower weak （cold） advection;if warm air mass flows over sea areas of low latitude,the inversion forms due to the cooling near sea surface caused by turbulence mixing.

关 键 词：黄海 海雾 天气特征 逆温层 平流效应 湍流作用 

分 类 号：P468.028[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]